J Athl Train. 1992;27(3):200-6.
Athletic trainers have a variety of therapeutic agents at their disposal to treat musculoskeletal pain, but little objective evidence exists of the efficacy of the modalities they use. In this study, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) served as a model for musculoskeletal injury in order to: (1) compare the changes in perceived pain, elbow extension range of motion, and strength loss in subjects experiencing DOMS in the elbow flexor muscle group following a single treatment with either transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), cold, a combination of TENS and cold, sham TENS, or 20 minutes of rest; (2) compare the effects of combining static stretching with these treatments; and (3) determine if decreased pain is accompanied by a restoration of strength. DOMS was induced in the non-dominant elbow flexor muscle group in 40 females (age = 22.0 +/- 4.3 yr) with repeated eccentric contractions. Forty-eight hours following exercise, all subjects presented with pain, decreased elbow extension range of motion, and decreased strength consistent with DOMS. Subjects were randomly assigned to 20-minute treatments followed by static stretching. Cold, TENS, and the combined treatment resulted in significant decreases in perceived pain. Treatments with cold resulted in a significant increase in elbow extension range of motion. Static stretching also significantly reduced perceived pain. Only small, nonsignificant changes in muscle strength were observed following treatment or stretching, regardless of the treatment group. These results suggest that the muscle weakness associated with DOMS is not the result of inhibition caused by pain. The results suggest that these modalities are effective in treating the pain and muscle spasm associated with DOMS, and that decreased pain may not be an accurate indicator of the recovery of muscle strength.
运动训练员有多种治疗药物可供选择，以治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛，但他们使用的方法的疗效几乎没有客观证据。在这项研究中，延迟性肌肉酸痛（DOMS）被用作肌肉骨骼损伤的模型，以便：（1）比较在单次治疗后，经历肘部屈肌肌肉群 DOMS 的受试者的感知疼痛、肘部伸展范围和力量损失的变化，治疗方法分别为经皮神经电刺激（TENS）、冷敷、TENS 和冷敷的组合、假 TENS 或 20 分钟休息；（2）比较将静态伸展与这些治疗方法结合的效果；（3）确定疼痛减轻是否伴随着力量的恢复。在 40 名女性（年龄=22.0 +/- 4.3 岁）的非优势肘部屈肌肌肉群中通过重复离心收缩来诱导 DOMS。运动后 48 小时，所有受试者均出现疼痛、肘部伸展范围减小和力量下降，与 DOMS 一致。受试者被随机分配接受 20 分钟的治疗，然后进行静态伸展。冷敷、TENS 和联合治疗可显著降低感知疼痛。冷敷治疗可显著增加肘部伸展范围。静态伸展也可显著减轻感知疼痛。无论治疗组如何，治疗或伸展后肌肉力量仅出现微小、无统计学意义的变化。这些结果表明，与 DOMS 相关的肌肉无力不是疼痛引起的抑制所致。这些结果表明，这些方法可有效治疗 DOMS 引起的疼痛和肌肉痉挛，并且疼痛减轻可能不是肌肉力量恢复的准确指标。
