Gonzalo-Garjo M A, Tormo-Molina R, Muñoz-Rodríguez A F, Silva-Palacios I
Sección de Alergología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Badajoz, Spain.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(1):37-43.
The objective of the present work was to compare pollen counts at three different urban locations within a city to each other and to the counts from a fixed trap. This information could be useful to delimit zones in the urbanized part of the city according to the risk of allergic affections.
Aerobiological sampling using portable traps was carried out at three points in urban zones of the city of Badajoz (SW Spain) over one year at the same time as continuous sampling using a fixed trap at a point in the nonurban outskirts of the city. The sources of airborne pollen were studied by counting the trees in the streets and squares of the selected zones. A statistical analysis was performed of the differences between the portable and fixed traps and of the temporal and spatial variation in the city as a function of the distribution of the most important pollen sources.
Forty-eight pollen types were identified with the fixed trap, and 28 with the portable traps. The grass, olive, and oak pollens come from almost exclusively external sources, there being no spatial differences in their concentrations in the city. Cypress pollen concentrations were much higher at the urban locations than at the fixed trap site. Plane tree pollen levels could be locally very high, reflecting the proximity of the source. Except for ornamental plants, pollen levels were lower at the urban locations than at the site on the outskirts of the city.
(1) Using portable traps at different urban zones in a city could provide information about the spatial variation of atmospheric pollen levels. (2) A knowledge of the often widely variable distribution of ornamental plants with potentially allergenic pollen could be useful in indicating city zones with a greater or lesser incidence of potential pollinosis.
本研究的目的是比较城市内三个不同城区的花粉计数，并与固定采样器的计数结果进行对比。这些信息有助于根据过敏风险划分城市城市化区域。
在西班牙西南部巴达霍斯市的三个城区使用便携式采样器进行气传生物学采样，为期一年，同时在城市非城区边缘的一个点使用固定采样器进行连续采样。通过统计所选区域街道和广场上的树木来研究气传花粉的来源。对便携式采样器和固定采样器之间的差异以及城市中随最重要花粉源分布而产生的时间和空间变化进行了统计分析。
固定采样器识别出48种花粉类型，便携式采样器识别出28种。禾本科、橄榄和栎属花粉几乎完全来自外部来源，其在城市中的浓度没有空间差异。柏属花粉在城区的浓度远高于固定采样器所在位置。悬铃木花粉水平在局部可能非常高，反映了花粉源的临近程度。除观赏植物外，城区的花粉水平低于城郊位置。
（1）在城市不同城区使用便携式采样器可以提供大气花粉水平空间变化的信息。（2）了解具有潜在致敏花粉的观赏植物通常广泛变化的分布情况，有助于指示潜在花粉症发病率较高或较低的城市区域。
