Sahlin Brooke H, Harding Matthew G, Seamon John G
Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459-0408, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2005 Dec;33(8):1414-21. doi: 10.3758/bf03193374.
To determine whether false memories cross language boundaries, we presented English-Spanish bilinguals with conceptually related word lists for five study-test trials. Some lists were heard in English, some in Spanish, and they were then followed by a recognition memory test composed of studied words, conceptually related nonstudied critical words, and unrelated words presented in the same language used at study or in a different language. Even though participants were instructed to recognize only previously heard words, they falsely recognized both same-language and different-language critical words. With practice, participants increased their accurate recognition of list words and decreased their false recognition of critical words when the study-test language was the same, and they decreased their false recognition of list words and critical words when the language differed. False memories can cross language boundaries when participants rely on conceptual representations from the word lists, but these errors decrease over trials as participants increasingly rely on language-specific lexical representations.
为了确定错误记忆是否会跨越语言界限，我们让英语-西班牙语双语者进行了五次学习-测试试验，向他们呈现概念相关的单词列表。有些列表用英语呈现，有些用西班牙语呈现，然后进行识别记忆测试，测试内容包括学过的单词、概念相关的未学过的关键单词以及与学习时所用语言相同或不同的无关单词。尽管参与者被指示只识别之前听过的单词，但他们错误地识别了同语言和不同语言的关键单词。通过练习，当学习-测试语言相同时，参与者提高了对列表单词的准确识别率，并减少了对关键单词的错误识别；当语言不同时，他们减少了对列表单词和关键单词的错误识别。当参与者依赖单词列表中的概念表征时，错误记忆会跨越语言界限，但随着参与者越来越依赖特定语言的词汇表征，这些错误在试验过程中会减少。
