Simons-Morton Bruce G, L Hartos Jessica, Leaf William A, Preusser David F
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, 6100 Executive Blvd., Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2006 Sep;38(5):907-12. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.03.001. Epub 2006 Apr 18.
Crash rates among teenagers are highly elevated during the first months of licensure. Parent-imposed driving restrictions on initial driving privileges can reduce exposure to high-risk driving conditions, thus reducing crash risk while teens' driving proficiency develops. This report describes the effect of the Checkpoints Program on driving limits and outcomes. Connecticut teens who obtained a learners permit over a 9-month period were recruited, providing a final sample of 3743 who obtained driver licenses. Families were randomized to the intervention or comparison condition. Intervention families received by mail a series of persuasive communications related to high-risk teen driving and a parent-teen driving agreement, while comparison families received on the same schedule general information on driving and vehicle maintenance. Relative to the comparison group, teens and parents in the Checkpoints Program reported significantly greater limits on high-risk teen driving conditions at licensure, 3-, and 6-months post-licensure; and intervention teens reported significantly less risky driving at each reporting period. By the 12-month follow up teens in the intervention group were significantly less likely than those in the comparison group to have had a traffic violation. However, no treatment group effect was found for crashes. This is the first study to report significant effects on teen driving behavior and performance of education designed to increase parental-imposed teen driving limits.
青少年在获得驾照后的最初几个月里，撞车率会大幅上升。父母对青少年最初驾驶特权施加的驾驶限制，可以减少他们暴露于高风险驾驶环境中的机会，从而在青少年驾驶技能发展的同时降低撞车风险。本报告描述了“检查站计划”对驾驶限制和结果的影响。研究招募了在9个月期间获得学习许可证的康涅狄格州青少年，最终有3743人获得了驾照，形成了一个样本。家庭被随机分为干预组或对照组。干预组家庭通过邮件收到一系列与青少年高风险驾驶相关的说服性信息以及一份父母-青少年驾驶协议，而对照组家庭则在相同时间收到关于驾驶和车辆维护的一般信息。与对照组相比，“检查站计划”中的青少年和父母报告称，在获得驾照时、获得驾照后3个月和6个月，对青少年高风险驾驶条件的限制明显更大；在每个报告期，干预组青少年报告的危险驾驶行为明显更少。到12个月随访时，干预组青少年比对照组青少年发生交通违规的可能性显著更低。然而，在撞车方面未发现治疗组效应。这是第一项报告旨在增加父母对青少年驾驶限制的教育对青少年驾驶行为和表现有显著影响的研究。
