McGehee Daniel V, Raby Mireille, Carney Cher, Lee John D, Reyes Michelle L
Human Factors and Vehicle Safety Research Program, Public Policy Center, University of Iowa, IA 52242, USA.
J Safety Res. 2007;38(2):215-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2007.02.009. Epub 2007 Mar 28.
Teen drivers are at high risk for car crashes, especially during their first years of licensure. Providing novice teen drivers and their parents with a means of identifying their risky driving maneuvers may help them learn from their mistakes, thereby reducing their crash propensity. During the initial phase of learning, adult or parental supervision often provides such guidance. However, once teens obtain their license, adult supervision is no longer mandated, and teens are left to themselves to continue the learning process. This study is the first of its type to enhance this continued learning process using an event-triggered video device. By pairing this new technology with parental feedback in the form of a weekly video review and graphical report card, we extend parents' ability to teach their teens even after they begin driving independently. Twenty-six 16- to 17-year-old drivers were recruited from a small U.S. Midwestern rural high school. We equipped their vehicles with an event-triggered video device, designed to capture 20-sec clips of the forward and cabin views whenever the vehicle exceeded lateral or forward threshold accelerations. Preliminary findings suggest that combining this emerging technology with parental weekly review of safety-relevant incidents resulted in a significant decrease in events for the more at-risk teen drivers. Implications for how such an intervention could be implemented within GDL are also discussed.
青少年驾驶员发生车祸的风险很高，尤其是在获得驾照的头几年。为新手青少年驾驶员及其父母提供一种识别其危险驾驶行为的方法，可能有助于他们从错误中吸取教训，从而降低他们的撞车倾向。在学习的初始阶段，成人或父母的监督通常会提供这样的指导。然而，一旦青少年获得驾照，成人监督就不再是强制性的，青少年只能依靠自己继续学习过程。本研究是同类研究中首个使用事件触发视频设备来加强这一持续学习过程的研究。通过将这项新技术与以每周视频回顾和图形成绩单形式的父母反馈相结合，我们扩展了父母在青少年开始独立驾驶后教导他们的能力。从美国中西部一个小型农村高中招募了26名16至17岁的驾驶员。我们在他们的车辆上安装了一个事件触发视频设备，该设备旨在每当车辆超过横向或向前阈值加速度时，捕捉20秒的前方和车内视图片段。初步研究结果表明，将这项新兴技术与父母每周对安全相关事件的回顾相结合，对于风险较高的青少年驾驶员来说，事件发生率显著降低。本文还讨论了如何在分级驾驶员执照制度（GDL）内实施这种干预措施。
