Lindstrom J E, Prince R C, Clark J C, Grossman M J, Yeager T R, Braddock J F, Brown E J
Water Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks 99775-1760.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Sep;57(9):2514-22. doi: 10.1128/aem.57.9.2514-2522.1991.
The effort of clean up the T/V Exxon Valdez oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska, included the use of fertilizers to accelerate natural microbial degradation of stranded oil. A program to monitor various environmental parameters associated with this technique took place during the summer of 1990. Microbiological assays for numbers of heterotrophic and oil-degrading microbes and their hydrocarbon mineralization potentials were performed in support of this program. Fertilizer addition resulted in higher hexadecane and phenanthrene mineralization potentials on treated plots than on untreated reference plots. Microbial numbers in treated and reference surface sediments were not significantly different immediately after the first nutrient application in May 1990. However, subsurface sediments from treated plots had higher numbers of hydrocarbon degraders than did reference sediments shortly after treatment. The second application of fertilizer, later in summer, resulted in surface and subsurface increases in numbers of hydrocarbon degraders with respect to reference sediments at two of the three study sites. Elevated mineralization potentials, coupled with increased numbers of hydrocarbon degraders, indicated that natural hydrocarbon biodegradation was enhanced. However, these microbiological measurements alone are not sufficient to determine in situ rates of crude oil biodegradation.
对阿拉斯加威廉王子湾埃克森·瓦尔迪兹号油轮漏油事故进行清理的工作，包括使用肥料来加速搁浅石油的自然微生物降解。1990年夏天开展了一项监测与该技术相关的各种环境参数的计划。为支持该计划，对异养微生物和石油降解微生物的数量及其碳氢化合物矿化潜力进行了微生物学测定。添加肥料后，处理过的地块上十六烷和菲的矿化潜力高于未处理的对照地块。1990年5月首次施肥后，处理过的和对照的表层沉积物中的微生物数量没有显著差异。然而，处理过的地块的地下沉积物在处理后不久，其石油降解菌数量比对照沉积物中的多。夏季晚些时候的第二次施肥，使得三个研究地点中的两个地点，处理过的地块的表层和地下的石油降解菌数量相对于对照沉积物有所增加。矿化潜力的提高，再加上石油降解菌数量的增加，表明自然碳氢化合物生物降解得到了增强。然而，仅靠这些微生物学测量不足以确定原油生物降解的原位速率。
