Henderson Amanda, Twentyman Michelle, Heel Alison, Lloyd Belinda
Nursing Practice Development Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Qld 4102, Australia.
Nurse Educ Today. 2006 Oct;26(7):564-71. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2006.01.012. Epub 2006 May 3.
Nursing is a practice based discipline. A supportive environment has been identified as important for the transfer of learning in the clinical context. The aim of the paper was to assess undergraduate nurses' perceptions of the psychosocial characteristics of clinical learning environments within three different clinical placement models. Three hundred and eight-nine undergraduate nursing students rated their perceptions of the psycho-social learning environment using a Clinical Learning Environment Inventory. There were 16 respondents in the Preceptor model category, 269 respondents in the Facilitation model category and 114 respondents in the clinical education unit model across 25 different clinical areas in one tertiary facility. The most positive social climate was associated with the preceptor model. On all subscales the median score was rated higher than the two other models. When clinical education units were compared with the standard facilitation model the median score was rated higher in all of the subscales in the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory. These results suggest that while preceptoring is an effective clinical placement strategy that provides psycho-social support for students, clinical education units that are more sustainable through their placement of greater numbers of students, can provide greater psycho-social support for students than traditional models.
护理是一门基于实践的学科。人们已经认识到，支持性环境对于临床环境中的学习迁移至关重要。本文的目的是评估本科护理学生对三种不同临床实习模式下临床学习环境心理社会特征的看法。389名本科护理学生使用临床学习环境量表对他们对心理社会学习环境的看法进行了评分。在一所三级医疗机构的25个不同临床领域中，有16名受访者属于带教模式类别，269名受访者属于引导模式类别，114名受访者属于临床教育单元模式。最积极的社会氛围与带教模式相关。在所有子量表上，中位数得分均高于其他两种模式。当将临床教育单元与标准引导模式进行比较时，临床学习环境量表所有子量表的中位数得分均更高。这些结果表明，虽然带教是一种有效的临床实习策略，可为学生提供心理社会支持，但通过安置更多学生而更具可持续性的临床教育单元，比传统模式能为学生提供更大的心理社会支持。
