Płachno B J, Adamec L, Lichtscheidl I K, Peroutka M, Adlassnig W, Vrba J
Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, The Jagiellonian University, Grodzka 52, 31-044 Cracow, Poland.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2006 Nov;8(6):813-20. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-924177.
A new ELF (enzyme labelled fluorescence) assay was applied to detect phosphatase activity in glandular structures of 47 carnivorous plant species, especially Lentibulariaceae, in order to understand their digestive activities. We address the following questions: (1) Are phosphatases produced by the plants and/or by inhabitants of the traps? (2) Which type of hairs/glands is involved in the production of phosphatases? (3) Is this phosphatase production a common feature among carnivorous plants or is it restricted to evolutionarily advanced species? Our results showed activity of the phosphatases in glandular structures of the majority of the plants tested, both from the greenhouse and from sterile culture. In addition, extracellular phosphatases can also be produced by trap inhabitants. In Utricularia, activity of phosphatase was detected in internal glands of 27 species from both primitive and advanced sections and different ecological groups. Further positive reactions were found in Genlisea, Pinguicula, Aldrovanda, Dionaea, Drosera, Drosophyllum, Nepenthes, and Cephalotus. In Utricularia and Genlisea, enzymatic secretion was independent of stimulation by prey. Byblis and Roridula are usually considered as "proto-carnivores", lacking digestive enzymes. However, we found high activity of phosphatases in both species. Thus, they should be classified as true carnivores. We suggest that the inflorescence of Byblis and some Pinguicula species might also be an additional "carnivorous organ", which can trap a prey, digest it, and finally absorb available nutrients.
应用一种新的酶标荧光（ELF）测定法来检测47种食虫植物，尤其是狸藻科植物腺体结构中的磷酸酶活性，以了解它们的消化活动。我们提出以下问题：（1）磷酸酶是由植物产生的还是由捕虫器中的栖息生物产生的？（2）哪种类型的毛/腺体参与了磷酸酶的产生？（3）这种磷酸酶的产生是食虫植物的共同特征，还是仅限于进化上较高级的物种？我们的结果表明，在大多数测试植物的腺体结构中都检测到了磷酸酶的活性，这些植物既有温室中的，也有无菌培养的。此外，捕虫器中的栖息生物也能产生细胞外磷酸酶。在狸藻属中，在来自原始和高级类群以及不同生态组的27个物种的内部腺体中检测到了磷酸酶活性。在螺旋狸藻属、捕虫堇属、轮叶狸藻属、捕蝇草属、茅膏菜属、露松属、猪笼草属和土瓶草属中也发现了进一步的阳性反应。在狸藻属和螺旋狸藻属中，酶的分泌不依赖于猎物的刺激。彩虹草属和腺毛草属通常被认为是“原始食肉植物”，缺乏消化酶。然而，我们在这两个物种中都发现了高活性的磷酸酶。因此，它们应该被归类为真正的食肉植物。我们认为彩虹草属和一些捕虫堇属植物的花序也可能是一个额外的“食肉器官”，它可以捕获猎物、消化它，并最终吸收可用的营养物质。
