Tipper Steven P, Paul Matthew A, Hayes Amy E
Centre for Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2AS, Wales.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Jun;13(3):493-8. doi: 10.3758/bf03193875.
When a person views an object, the action the object evokes appears to be activated independently of the person's intention to act. We demonstrate two further properties of this vision-to-action process. First, it is not completely automatic, but is determined by the stimulus properties of the object that are attended. Thus, when a person discriminates the shape of an object, action affordance effects are observed; but when a person discriminates an object's color, no affordance effects are observed. The former, shape property is associated with action, such as how an object might be grasped; the latter, color property is irrelevant to action. Second, we also show that the action state of an object influences evoked action. Thus, active objects, with which current action is implied, produce larger affordance effects than passive objects, with which no action is implied. We suggest that the active object activates action simulation processes similar to those proposed in mirror systems.
当一个人观看一个物体时，该物体引发的动作似乎会独立于人的行动意图而被激活。我们证明了这种视觉到动作过程的另外两个特性。首先，它并非完全自动，而是由被关注物体的刺激特性所决定。因此，当一个人辨别物体的形状时，会观察到动作可供性效应；但当一个人辨别物体的颜色时，则观察不到可供性效应。前者，形状属性与动作相关，比如物体可能如何被抓握；后者，颜色属性与动作无关。其次，我们还表明物体的动作状态会影响引发的动作。因此，暗示有当前动作的主动物体比不暗示有动作的被动物体产生更大的可供性效应。我们认为主动物体激活了类似于镜像系统中所提出的动作模拟过程。
