Ediger Dane, Terzioglu Kadriye, Ozturk Raziye Tulumen
Section of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Department of Chest Diseases, Medical Faculty, Uludağ University, Bursa 16110, Turkey.
Asia Pac Allergy. 2018 Apr 11;8(2):e15. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.2018.8.e15. eCollection 2018 Apr.
Allergic reactions developing after bee sting can be severe and life-threatening. According to epidemiological data, serious systemic reactions range between 1.2%-3%, and this is 2-3 times higher (6%) in beekeeping. In different beekeepers' populations, risk factors of systemic reactions have been investigated and diverse results have been found.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge of beekeepers about venom allergy, epidemiological data, systemic reaction rates, risk factors for systemic reactions, and the rate of emergency admissions after bee sting.
With the collaboration of Uludağ University Beekeeping Development Research Center and Beekeepers Association, a questionnaire consisting of 19 questions was applied to 242 beekeepers in Bursa and Yalova. Two hundred twenty-one beekeepers who completed the questionnaire were involved in the study.
The mean age of the beekeepers was 49.9 years (range, 18-75 years). The systemic reaction to bee sting in beekeepers was 37.6%. Allergic rhinitis was found to be a risk factor for systemic reaction. Although 80% of the beekeepers recognized that bee venom could be lethal, only 60% of the beekeepers were aware of immunotherapy, and only 30% were aware of the adrenaline auto-injector drug.
Similar to previous studies, we found that the systemic response to the bee sting in beekeepers was higher compared to normal population. Considering the occupational exposure to bee venom and thus higher risk, the awareness of venom allergy in this high risk population was low, and they were poorly informed about the treatment options.
蜂蜇后发生的过敏反应可能很严重，甚至危及生命。根据流行病学数据，严重的全身反应发生率在1.2% - 3%之间，而在养蜂人群中这一比例更高（6%），是普通人群的2 - 3倍。在不同的养蜂人群中，已经对全身反应的危险因素进行了调查，结果各不相同。
本研究的目的是评估养蜂人对蜂毒过敏、流行病学数据、全身反应率、全身反应危险因素以及蜂蜇后急诊入院率的了解程度。
在乌鲁达大学养蜂发展研究中心和养蜂人协会的合作下，向布尔萨和亚洛瓦的242名养蜂人发放了一份包含19个问题的问卷。221名完成问卷的养蜂人参与了本研究。
养蜂人的平均年龄为49.9岁（范围为18 - 75岁）。养蜂人蜂蜇后全身反应的发生率为37.6%。变应性鼻炎被发现是全身反应的一个危险因素。尽管80%的养蜂人认识到蜂毒可能致命，但只有60%的养蜂人知道免疫疗法，只有30%的养蜂人知道肾上腺素自动注射器药物。
与之前的研究相似，我们发现养蜂人对蜂蜇的全身反应高于普通人群。考虑到职业性接触蜂毒以及因此更高的风险，这一高风险人群对蜂毒过敏的认识较低，并且他们对治疗选择的了解也很少。
