Lukas Milan, Bortlik Martin, Maratka Zdenek
Gastroenterology Center, Fourth Medical Department, General Faculty Hospital, First School of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Postgrad Med J. 2006 Oct;82(972):620-5. doi: 10.1136/pmj.2006.047035.
Despite more than a century of existence as a clinical entity, the true origin of ulcerative colitis still remains elusive. Several factors probably contribute to the development of this condition. Recently discovered technologies have clarified the role of bacterial species, which may account for intestinal dysbiosis, as a factor triggering ulcerative colitis. Genetic susceptibility together with abnormal innate immunoreactivity probably comprise the essential prerequisites for the initiation and perpetuation of ulcerative colitis. Although the genetic background has been more clearly recognised in patients with Crohn's disease than in those with ulcerative colitis, some candidate loci associated with ulcerative colitis have also been intensively studied. Additionally, environmental factors may interfere with inherent predispositions to ulcerative colitis, and either suppress or reinforce them. Whatever the origin, the search for the aetiology of ulcerative colitis must have the same goal: the improvement of treatment and the quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis.
尽管溃疡性结肠炎作为一种临床实体已存在了一个多世纪，但其真正起源仍然难以捉摸。多种因素可能促使了这种疾病的发生。最近发现的技术已经阐明了细菌种类的作用，这些细菌种类可能导致肠道菌群失调，是引发溃疡性结肠炎的一个因素。遗传易感性与异常的先天免疫反应可能共同构成了溃疡性结肠炎发病和持续发展的基本先决条件。尽管克罗恩病患者的遗传背景比溃疡性结肠炎患者得到了更清晰的认识，但一些与溃疡性结肠炎相关的候选基因座也已得到深入研究。此外，环境因素可能会干扰溃疡性结肠炎的内在易感性，要么抑制要么增强这些易感性。无论起源如何，寻找溃疡性结肠炎的病因必须有一个共同目标：改善溃疡性结肠炎患者的治疗方法和生活质量。
