Goff Mitchell J, Suhr Abraham W, Ward John A, Croley Janis K, O'Hara Mary A
Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
J AAPOS. 2006 Oct;10(5):400-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2006.04.011.
To determine if strabismus affects the ratings of official U.S. Army photographs.
Photographs of seven women and seven men officers (subjects) were digitally altered to give the impression of strabismus. Four photographs of each subject were obtained: two in an orthotropic state; one in a left exotropic state; and one in a left esotropic state. The photographs were presented randomly to a panel of 38 raters. Masked to the study design, the raters rated every photograph on a 1 to 10 Likert scale. The results were grouped according to eye alignment: two orthotropic groups, one exotropic group, and one esotropic group. Comparisons of the mean ratings were made between each eye alignment group and based on the subject's gender.
The mean rating for each orthotropic group was 5.4 and 5.5 Likert scale units with a SD of 0.8 and 0.9, respectively (group 1 and group 2). The mean rating for the exotropic group was 5.4 Likert scale units with a SD of 0.7. The mean rating for the esotropic group was 5.1 Likert scale units with a SD of 0.8. Significantly lower ratings were obtained for the esotropic group compared with the orthotropic group (p=0.028). Women received significantly lower ratings regardless of eye alignment (p=0.044).
This study indicates that the presence of esotropia negatively affects the rating of an official U.S. Army photograph; furthermore, female gender negatively affects ratings.
确定斜视是否会影响美国陆军官方照片的评分。
对七名女性军官和七名男性军官（受试者）的照片进行数字修改，以营造出斜视的效果。为每位受试者获取四张照片：两张处于正视状态；一张处于左眼外斜视状态；一张处于左眼内斜视状态。照片随机呈现给由38名评分者组成的小组。评分者在不知晓研究设计的情况下，对每张照片按照1至10的李克特量表进行评分。结果根据眼位矫正情况分组：两个正视组、一个外斜视组和一个内斜视组。对每个眼位矫正组之间以及基于受试者性别的平均评分进行比较。
每个正视组的平均评分分别为5.4和5.5李克特量表单位，标准差分别为0.8和0.9（第1组和第2组）。外斜视组的平均评分为5.4李克特量表单位，标准差为0.7。内斜视组的平均评分为5.1李克特量表单位，标准差为0.8。与正视组相比，内斜视组的评分显著更低（p = 0.028）。无论眼位矫正情况如何，女性获得的评分显著更低（p = 0.044）。
本研究表明，内斜视的存在会对美国陆军官方照片评分产生负面影响；此外，女性性别也会对评分产生负面影响。
