Brammer Colin A, von Dohlen Carol D
Department of Biology, 5305 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, UMC 5305, Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2007 May;43(2):660-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.09.006. Epub 2006 Sep 16.
Stratiomyidae is a cosmopolitan family of Brachycera (Diptera) that contains over 2800 species. This study focused on the relationships of members of the subfamily Clitellariinae, which has had a complicated taxonomic history. To investigate the monophyly of the Clitellariinae, the relationships of its genera, and the ages of Stratiomyidae lineages, representatives for all 12 subfamilies of Stratiomyidae, totaling 68 taxa, were included in a phylogenetic reconstruction. A Xylomyidae representative, Solva sp., was used as an outgroup. Sequences of EF-1alpha and 28S rRNA genes were analyzed under maximum parsimony with bootstrapping, and Bayesian methods to recover the best estimate of phylogeny. A chronogram with estimated dates for all nodes in the phylogeny was generated with the program, r8s, and divergence dates and confidence intervals were further explored with the program, multidivtime. All subfamilies of Stratiomyidae with more than one representative were found to be monophyletic, except for Stratiomyinae and Clitellariinae. Clitellariinae were distributed among five separate clades in the phylogeny, and Raphiocerinae were nested within Stratiomyinae. Dating analysis suggested an early Cretaceous origin for the common ancestor of extant Stratiomyidae, and a radiation of several major Stratiomyidae lineages in the Late Cretaceous.
粪蝇科是短角亚目（双翅目）的一个世界性科，包含2800多种。本研究聚焦于环腹粪蝇亚科成员之间的关系，该亚科有着复杂的分类历史。为了研究环腹粪蝇亚科的单系性、其各属之间的关系以及粪蝇科谱系的年代，粪蝇科所有12个亚科的代表，共68个分类单元，被纳入系统发育重建。一个木虻科代表，Solva sp.，被用作外类群。对EF-1α和28S rRNA基因序列进行了最大简约法分析并进行自展检验，以及采用贝叶斯方法来获得系统发育的最佳估计。使用程序r8s生成了一个带有系统发育中所有节点估计日期的时间树状图，并使用程序multidivtime进一步探究分歧日期和置信区间。除了粪蝇亚科和环腹粪蝇亚科外，粪蝇科所有有多个代表的亚科都被发现是单系的。环腹粪蝇亚科在系统发育中分布在五个独立的分支中，而突眼粪蝇亚科嵌套在粪蝇亚科内。年代分析表明现存粪蝇科的共同祖先起源于白垩纪早期，并且几个主要的粪蝇科谱系在晚白垩世发生了辐射分化。
