Carman George M, Han Gil-Soo
Department of Food Science, Cook College, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2006 Dec;31(12):694-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2006.10.003. Epub 2006 Oct 31.
Phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP) enzymes catalyze the dephosphorylation of phosphatidate, yielding diacylglycerol and inorganic phosphate. In eukaryotic cells, PAP activity has a central role in the synthesis of phospholipids and triacylglycerol through its product diacylglycerol, and it also generates and/or degrades lipid-signaling molecules that are related to phosphatidate. There are two types of PAP enzyme, Mg(2+) dependent (PAP1) and Mg(2+) independent (PAP2), but only genes encoding PAP2 enzymes had been identified until recently, when a gene (PAH1) encoding a PAP1 enzyme was found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This discovery has revealed a molecular function of the mammalian protein lipin, a deficiency of which causes lipodystrophy in mice. With molecular information now available for both types of PAP, the specific roles of these enzymes in lipid metabolism are being clarified.
磷脂酸磷酸酶（PAP）催化磷脂酸的去磷酸化反应，生成二酰甘油和无机磷酸。在真核细胞中，PAP活性通过其产物二酰甘油在磷脂和三酰甘油的合成中发挥核心作用，并且它还能生成和/或降解与磷脂酸相关的脂质信号分子。PAP酶有两种类型，即Mg(2+)依赖性（PAP1）和Mg(2+)非依赖性（PAP2），但直到最近，在酿酒酵母中发现了编码PAP1酶的基因（PAH1）之前，仅鉴定出了编码PAP2酶的基因。这一发现揭示了哺乳动物蛋白脂素的分子功能，脂素缺乏会导致小鼠脂肪代谢障碍。随着现在两种类型PAP的分子信息都已可得，这些酶在脂质代谢中的具体作用正在得到阐明。
