Gonçalves Lucio de Souza, Soares Ferreira Sônia Maria, Souza Celso Oliveira, Souto Renata, Colombo Ana Paula
Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
J Periodontol. 2007 Jan;78(1):87-96. doi: 10.1902/jop.2007.060040.
This study compares the periodontal clinical profile and the composition of the subgingival microbiota of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and HIV-seronegative subjects with chronic periodontitis.
A total of 172 subjects were distributed into two HIV-seropositive groups (37 chronic periodontitis [H+CP+] and 35 periodontally healthy [H+CP-] individuals) and two HIV-seronegative groups (49 chronic periodontitis [H-CP+] and 51 periodontally healthy [H-CP-] subjects). Subgingival samples were collected from six sites with the deepest probing depth in the periodontitis groups and six random sites in the groups with periodontal health. All HIV-infected patients had undergone highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for at least 2 years. The presence and levels of 33 bacterial species were detected by DNA probes and the checkerboard method. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to seek for significant differences among and between groups.
H-CP+ patients showed significantly more periodontal destruction and inflammation than H+CP+ patients, whereas H+CP- subjects presented a greater percentage of sites with bleeding than H-CP- subjects (P <0.01). Patients who were HIV seronegative showed higher prevalence and levels of most bacterial species than HIV seropositive patients. Periodontal pathogens including Tannerella forsythensis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella nigrescens, Eubacterium nodatum, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Selenomonas noxia were more frequently detected in H-CP+ subjects compared to H+CP+ and controls. In contrast, Enterococcus faecalis and Acinetobacter baumannii were more commonly found in HIV-infected than in non-HIV-infected subjects (P <0.05).
Putative periodontal pathogens are more prevalent in the subgingival microbiota of HIV-seronegative patients with chronic periodontitis, whereas species not usually associated with periodontitis are detected in higher frequency in HIV-seropositive subjects under HAART.
本研究比较了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）血清阳性和血清阴性的慢性牙周炎患者的牙周临床特征和龈下微生物群组成。
总共172名受试者被分为两个HIV血清阳性组（37名慢性牙周炎患者[H+CP+]和35名牙周健康者[H+CP-]）以及两个HIV血清阴性组（49名慢性牙周炎患者[H-CP+]和51名牙周健康者[H-CP-]）。在牙周炎组中，从探测深度最深的六个部位采集龈下样本；在牙周健康组中，从六个随机部位采集样本。所有HIV感染患者均接受了至少两年的高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）。通过DNA探针和棋盘法检测33种细菌的存在和水平。使用Kruskal-Wallis检验和Mann-Whitney检验来寻找组间和组内的显著差异。
H-CP+患者比H+CP+患者表现出更严重的牙周破坏和炎症，而H+CP-受试者出现出血部位的百分比高于H-CP-受试者（P<0.01）。HIV血清阴性患者比HIV血清阳性患者表现出更高的大多数细菌种类的患病率和水平。与H+CP+组和对照组相比，在H-CP+受试者中更频繁地检测到包括福赛坦纳菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、变黑普氏菌、结节真杆菌、具核梭杆菌和有害月形单胞菌在内的牙周病原体。相反，粪肠球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌在HIV感染患者中比在未感染HIV的患者中更常见（P<0.05）。
在HIV血清阴性的慢性牙周炎患者的龈下微生物群中，假定的牙周病原体更为普遍，而在接受HAART的HIV血清阳性受试者中，通常与牙周炎无关的菌种出现频率更高。
