Tavaszi J, Budai P
University of Veszprém, Georgikon Faculty of Agriculture, H-8360 Keszthely, Deák F. str. 16.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2006;71(2 Pt A):101-5.
Using animals in toxicological screening is a controversial issue. The Draize eye irritation test is one of the most criticized methods because of the injuries inflicted on the test animals. That's why several various tests have been developed to replace the rabbits in detecting the irritation potential of chemicals. The potential irritancy of compounds may be detected by observing adverse changes which occur in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the egg after to test chemicals. During the test the chemicals are placed directly onto the chorioallantoic membrane. The changes of the vascular injury (haemorrhage, lysis) or coagulation in response to a compound is an indication of the potential of the chemical to damage mucous membranes. The CAM is a complete tissue including arteries, capillaries and veins, and is technically easy to study. It responds to injury with a complete inflammatory reaction, similar to the tissue of the rabbit eye. In our experiment 6 agrochemicals were tested on the chorioallantoic membrane of the hen's egg. In most cases good correlation was found between the HET-CAM results and reported data based on the Draize eye test. The present form of the HET-CAM test can be proposed as a pre-screen method of eye irritation tests, therefore the number of test animals can be reduced.
在毒理学筛选中使用动物是一个有争议的问题。德莱兹眼刺激试验是最受批评的方法之一，因为它会对试验动物造成伤害。这就是为什么人们开发了几种不同的试验来替代兔子，以检测化学物质的刺激潜力。通过观察受试化学物质作用后鸡蛋尿囊绒毛膜（CAM）中出现的不良反应，可以检测化合物的潜在刺激性。在试验过程中，将化学物质直接放置在尿囊绒毛膜上。血管损伤（出血、溶解）或因化合物而发生的凝血变化表明该化学物质有损伤粘膜的可能性。尿囊绒毛膜是一个完整的组织，包括动脉、毛细血管和静脉，在技术上易于研究。它对损伤的反应是一种完整的炎症反应，类似于兔眼组织。在我们的实验中，对6种农用化学品进行了鸡蛋尿囊绒毛膜试验。在大多数情况下，HET-CAM试验结果与基于德莱兹眼试验的报告数据之间存在良好的相关性。HET-CAM试验的当前形式可作为眼刺激试验的预筛选方法，因此可以减少试验动物的数量。
