Tavaszi J, Budai P
University of Pannonia, Georgikon Faculty of Agriculture, Keszthely Department of Higiene.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2007;72(2):137-41.
Agrochemicals must undergo numerous toxicological tests before registration. One of these experiments is the examination of eye irritation potential. To get knowledge about eye irritation, recently only the in vivo Draize-test is accepted, which is one of the most criticized methods because of the injuries inflicted on the test animals. Several in vitro methods have been used to investigate the toxicity of potential eye irritants with a view to replacing in vivo eye irritation testing. In the HET-CAM test chemicals are placed in direct contact with chorioallantoic membrane of the hen's egg. The occurrence of vascular injury or coagulation in response to a compound is the basis for employing this technique as an indication of the likelihood that a chemical would damage mucous membranes (especially the eye) in vivo. In our studies comparative screening was performed with a set of agrochemicals to establish paralell data on in vitro (HET-CAM) and in vivo (Draize) results in case of 6 agrochemicals. The solutions to be tested are added to the membrane and left in contact for 5 minutes and the membrane is examined for vascular damage at set time periods. Irritancy is scored according to the severity and speed at which damage occurs providing an indication of the likely irritant effect of the compound. Our study showed good correlation between results obtained by the HET-CAM test and those of the Draize rabbit eye test most cases. The present form of the HET-CAM test can be proposed as a pre-screen method of eye irritation tests.
农用化学品在注册前必须经过大量毒理学测试。其中一项实验是考察其潜在的眼刺激性。为了了解眼刺激性，目前只有体内Draize试验被认可，由于该试验会对实验动物造成伤害，它也是最受批评的方法之一。为了取代体内眼刺激性测试，人们已使用多种体外方法来研究潜在眼刺激物的毒性。在HET-CAM试验中，将化学品直接与鸡蛋的绒毛尿囊膜接触。化合物引起的血管损伤或凝血反应的发生，是采用该技术作为化学品在体内损伤粘膜（尤其是眼睛）可能性指标的依据。在我们的研究中，对一组农用化学品进行了比较筛选，以建立6种农用化学品的体外（HET-CAM）和体内（Draize）结果的平行数据。将待测试的溶液添加到膜上并保持接触5分钟，在设定的时间段检查膜的血管损伤情况。根据损伤发生的严重程度和速度对刺激性进行评分，以表明该化合物可能的刺激效果。我们的研究表明，在大多数情况下，HET-CAM试验结果与Draize兔眼试验结果之间具有良好的相关性。目前形式的HET-CAM试验可作为眼刺激性试验的预筛选方法。
