Casson R J, Newland H S, Muecke J, McGovern S, Abraham L, Shein W K, Selva D, Aung T
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Adelaide University, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, Australia.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jun;91(6):710-4. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2006.107573.
To determine the prevalence of glaucoma in the Meiktila district of central, rural Myanmar.
A cross-sectional, population-based survey of inhabitants > or =40 years of age from villages in Meiktila district, Myanmar, was performed; 2481 eligible participants were identified and 2076 participated in the study. The ophthalmic examination included Snellen visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, tonometry, gonioscopy, dilated stereoscopic fundus examination and full-threshold perimetry. Glaucoma was classified into clinical subtypes and categorised into three levels according to diagnostic evidence.
Glaucoma was diagnosed in 1997 (80.5%) participants. The prevalence of glaucoma of any category in at least one eye was 4.9% (95% CI 4.1 to 5.7; n = 101). The overall prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) was 2.5% (95% CI 1.5 to 3.5) and of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) was 2.0% (95% CI 0.9 to 3.1). PACG accounted for 84% of all blindness due to glaucoma, with the majority due to acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG).
The prevalence of glaucoma in the population aged > or =40 years in rural, central Myanmar was 4.9%. The ratio of PACG to POAG was approximately 1.25:1. PACG has a high visual morbidity and AACG is visually devastating in this community. Screening programmes should be directed at PACG, and further study of the underlying mechanisms of PACG is needed in this population.
确定缅甸中部农村眉谬地区青光眼的患病率。
对缅甸眉谬地区各村40岁及以上居民进行了一项基于人群的横断面调查；确定了2481名符合条件的参与者，其中2076人参与了研究。眼科检查包括Snellen视力检查、裂隙灯检查、眼压测量、前房角镜检查、散瞳立体眼底检查和全阈值视野检查。青光眼被分为临床亚型，并根据诊断证据分为三个级别。
1997名（80.5%）参与者被诊断为青光眼。至少一只眼睛患有任何类型青光眼的患病率为4.9%（95%可信区间4.1至5.7；n = 101）。原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的总体患病率为2.5%（95%可信区间1.5至3.5），原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）的患病率为2.0%（95%可信区间0.9至3.1）。PACG占所有青光眼致盲病例的84%，其中大多数是急性闭角型青光眼（AACG）。
缅甸中部农村40岁及以上人群中青光眼的患病率为4.9%。PACG与POAG的比例约为1.25:1。在这个社区中，PACG具有较高的致盲率，AACG对视力具有毁灭性影响。筛查项目应针对PACG，并且需要对该人群中PACG的潜在机制进行进一步研究。
