McCabe Sean Esteban, Brower Kirk J, West Brady T, Nelson Toben F, Wechsler Henry
The University of Michigan, Substance Abuse Research Center, 2025 Traverwood Dr., Suite C, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-2194, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007 Oct 8;90(2-3):243-51. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.04.004. Epub 2007 May 23.
This study assessed the prevalence, trends, and student- and college-level characteristics associated with the non-medical use of anabolic steroids (NMAS) among U.S. college students. Data were collected through self-administered mail surveys, from 15,282, 14,428, 13,953, and 10,904 randomly selected college students at the same 119 nationally representative colleges in 1993, 1997, 1999 and 2001, respectively. The prevalence of lifetime, past-year and past-month NMAS was 1% or less and generally did not change significantly between 1993 and 2001, with one exception: past-year NMAS increased significantly among men from 1993 (0.36%) to 2001 (0.90%). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that lifetime and past-year NMAS were associated with student-level characteristics such as being male and participation in intercollegiate athletics. Lifetime and past-year NMAS were also positively associated with several risky behaviors, including cigarette smoking, illicit drug use, drinking and driving, and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders. Nearly 7 out of every 10 lifetime non-medical users of anabolic steroids met past-year criteria for a DSM-IV alcohol use disorder. Although the overall prevalence of NMAS remained low between 1993 and 2001, findings suggest that continued monitoring is necessary because male student-athletes are at heightened risk for NMAS and this behavior is associated with a wide range of risky health behaviors. The characteristics associated with NMAS have important implications for future practice and research.
本研究评估了美国大学生中合成代谢类固醇非医疗用途（NMAS）的流行情况、趋势以及与学生和大学层面相关的特征。数据通过自填式邮件调查收集，分别于1993年、1997年、1999年和2001年，从同一119所具有全国代表性的大学中随机抽取了15282名、14428名、13953名和10904名大学生。终身、过去一年和过去一个月使用NMAS的比例均为1%或更低，在1993年至2001年期间总体上没有显著变化，但有一个例外：1993年至2001年期间，男性过去一年使用NMAS的比例从0.36%显著增加到0.90%。多项逻辑回归分析显示，终身和过去一年使用NMAS与学生层面的特征有关，如男性以及参加校际体育活动。终身和过去一年使用NMAS还与多种危险行为呈正相关，包括吸烟、非法药物使用、酒后驾车以及符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）酒精使用障碍标准的情况。每10名终身非医疗使用合成代谢类固醇的人中，近7人符合DSM-IV过去一年酒精使用障碍的标准。尽管1993年至2001年期间NMAS的总体流行率仍然较低，但研究结果表明仍需持续监测，因为男学生运动员使用NMAS的风险较高，且这种行为与一系列危险的健康行为相关。与NMAS相关的特征对未来的实践和研究具有重要意义。
