Zheng Wei, Wang Liuyang, Meng Lihua, Liu Jianquan
Key Laboratory of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem and Biological Evolution and Adaptation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810001, PR China.
Genetica. 2008 Feb;132(2):123-9. doi: 10.1007/s10709-007-9154-5. Epub 2007 May 22.
We used random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPDs) to assess genetic variation between- and within-populations of Anisodus tanguticus (Solanaceae), an endangered perennial endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau with important medicinal value. We recorded a total of 92 amplified bands, using 12 RAPD primers, 76 of which (P=82.61%) were polymorphic, and calculated values of H(t) and H(sp) of 0.3015 and 0.4459, respectively, suggesting a remarkably high rate of genetic variation at the species level. The average within-population diversity also appeared to be high, with P, H(e) and H(pop) values of 55.11%, 0.1948 and 0.2918, respectively. Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that among- and between-population genetic variation accounted for 67.02% and 32.98% of the total genetic variation, respectively. In addition, Nei's coefficient of differentiation (G(ST)) was found to be high (0.35), confirming the relatively high level of genetic differentiation among the populations. These differentiation coefficients are higher than mean corresponding coefficients for outbreeding species, but lower than reported coefficients for some rare species from this region. The genetic structure of A. tanguticus has probably been shaped by its breeding attributes, biogeographic history and human impact due to collection for medicinal purposes. The observed genetic variations suggest that as many populations as possible should be considered in any planned in situ or ex situ conservation programs for this species.
我们使用随机扩增多态性DNA标记（RAPD）来评估唐古特山莨（茄科）种群间和种群内的遗传变异。唐古特山莨是青藏高原特有的一种濒危多年生植物，具有重要的药用价值。我们使用12条RAPD引物共记录到92条扩增带，其中76条（P = 82.61%）具有多态性，并分别计算出H(t)和H(sp)值为0.3015和0.4459，表明该物种水平上的遗传变异率非常高。种群内的平均多样性似乎也很高，P、H(e)和H(pop)值分别为55.11%、0.1948和0.2918。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，种群间和种群内的遗传变异分别占总遗传变异的67.02%和32.98%。此外，发现内氏分化系数（G(ST)）很高（0.35），证实了种群间相对较高的遗传分化水平。这些分化系数高于异交物种的平均相应系数，但低于该地区一些珍稀物种的报道系数。唐古特山莨的遗传结构可能是由其繁殖特性、生物地理历史以及因药用采集造成的人类影响所塑造的。观察到的遗传变异表明，在任何针对该物种的原地或迁地保护计划中，都应尽可能多地考虑种群。
