Kaltiala-Heino Riittakerttu, Fröjd Sari
University of Tampere Medical School, Tampere, Finland.
Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, Finland.
Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2011 Mar 25;2:37-44. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S11554. eCollection 2011.
A literature review of the associations between involvement in bullying and depression is presented. Many studies have demonstrated a concurrent association between involvement in bullying and depression in adolescent population samples. Not only victims but also bullies display increased risk of depression, although not all studies have confirmed this for the bullies. Retrospective studies among adults support the notion that victimization is followed by depression. Prospective follow-up studies have suggested both that victimization from bullying may be a risk factor for depression and that depression may predispose adolescents to bullying. Research among clinically referred adolescents is scarce but suggests that correlations between victimization from bullying and depression are likely to be similar in clinical and population samples. Adolescents who bully present with elevated numbers of psychiatric symptoms and psychiatric and social welfare treatment contacts.
本文对涉及欺凌与抑郁之间的关联进行了文献综述。许多研究表明，在青少年人群样本中，参与欺凌与抑郁之间存在同时发生的关联。不仅受害者，欺凌者患抑郁症的风险也会增加，不过并非所有研究都证实了欺凌者存在这种情况。针对成年人的回顾性研究支持了受害后会出现抑郁的观点。前瞻性随访研究表明，欺凌造成的受害情况可能是抑郁症的一个风险因素，而且抑郁症可能使青少年更容易遭受欺凌。针对临床转诊青少年的研究较少，但表明在临床样本和人群样本中，欺凌造成的受害情况与抑郁之间的相关性可能相似。实施欺凌行为的青少年出现的精神症状数量较多，且有更多的精神科和社会福利治疗接触。
