Boldini Angela, Russo Riccardo, Punia Sahiba, Avons S E
University of Essex, Colchester, England.
Mem Cognit. 2007 Jan;35(1):113-23. doi: 10.3758/bf03195948.
Speed-accuracy trade-off methods have been used to contrast single- and dual-process accounts of recognition memory. With these procedures, subjects are presented with individual test items and required to make recognition decisions under various time constraints. In three experiments, we presented words and pictures to be intentionally learned; test stimuli were always visually presented words. At test, we manipulated the interval between the presentation of each test stimulus and that of a response signal, thus controlling the amount of time available to retrieve target information. The standard picture superiority effect was significant in long response deadline conditions (i.e., > or = 2,000 msec). Conversely, a significant reverse picture superiority effect emerged at short response-signal deadlines (< 200 msec). The results are congruent with views suggesting that both fast familiarity and slower recollection processes contribute to recognition memory. Alternative accounts are also discussed.
速度-准确性权衡方法已被用于对比识别记忆的单过程和双过程理论。通过这些程序，向受试者呈现单个测试项目，并要求他们在各种时间限制下做出识别决策。在三个实验中，我们呈现了需要有意学习的单词和图片；测试刺激始终是视觉呈现的单词。在测试时，我们操纵了每个测试刺激呈现与响应信号呈现之间的间隔，从而控制了用于检索目标信息的可用时间量。在长响应截止时间条件下（即≥2000毫秒），标准的图片优势效应显著。相反，在短响应信号截止时间（<200毫秒）时，出现了显著的反向图片优势效应。这些结果与认为快速熟悉和较慢的回忆过程都对识别记忆有贡献的观点一致。还讨论了其他解释。
