Nielsen Forrest H, Milne David B, Klevay Leslie M, Gallagher Sandra, Johnson LuAnn
US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9034, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Apr;26(2):121-32. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2007.10719593.
To determine whether or not dietary magnesium restriction to about 33% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) causes changes in glucose, cholesterol and electrolyte metabolism that could lead to pathologic consequences.
The length of the experiment was 136 days. Subjects were fed a basal Western-type diet that provided 4.16 mmol (101 mg) magnesium per 8.4 MJ (2000 kcal) for 78 days then replenished with magnesium by supplementing the diet with 200 mg magnesium as the gluconate per day for 58 days. If a subject exhibited adverse heart rhythm changes before 78 days of depletion were completed, she entered the repletion period early.
The metabolic research unit of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center.
A total of 14 post menopausal women were recruited by advertisement throughout the United States. Thirteen women (ages 47 to 75 years) completed the study.
During magnesium depletion, heart rhythm changes appeared in 5 women and resulted in 4 prematurely entering the magnesium repletion period (42 to 64 days of depletion instead of 78). Three women exhibited atrial fibrillation and flutter that responded quickly to magnesium supplementation. Magnesium deprivation resulted in a non-positive magnesium balance that became highly positive with magnesium repletion. Magnesium deprivation decreased red blood cell membrane magnesium, serum total cholesterol and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase concentrations, increased the urinary excretion of sodium and potassium, and increased serum glucose concentration.
Magnesium balance may be a suitable indicator of magnesium depletion under experimental conditions. Magnesium deficiency resulting from feeding a diet that would not be considered having an atypical menu induces heart arrhythmias, impairs glucose homeostasis, and alters cholesterol and oxidative metabolism in post menopausal women. A dietary intake of about 4.12 mmol (100 mg) Mg/8.4 MJ is inadequate for healthy adults and may result in compromised cardiovascular health and glycemic control in post menopausal women.
确定将膳食镁摄入量限制在推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）的约33%是否会导致葡萄糖、胆固醇和电解质代谢发生变化，进而引发病理后果。
实验为期136天。受试者先食用基础西式饮食78天，该饮食每8.4兆焦（2000千卡）提供4.16毫摩尔（101毫克）镁，然后在接下来的58天里每天补充200毫克葡萄糖酸镁以补充镁。如果受试者在78天的耗竭期结束前出现不良心律变化，则提前进入补充期。
大福克斯人类营养研究中心的代谢研究室。
通过在美国各地刊登广告招募了14名绝经后女性。13名女性（年龄47至75岁）完成了研究。
在镁耗竭期间，5名女性出现心律变化，导致4人提前进入镁补充期（耗竭42至64天，而非78天）。3名女性出现心房颤动和扑动，补充镁后迅速缓解。镁缺乏导致镁平衡为非正值，补充镁后变为高度正值。镁缺乏降低了红细胞膜镁、血清总胆固醇和红细胞超氧化物歧化酶浓度，增加了钠和钾的尿排泄，并提高了血清葡萄糖浓度。
在实验条件下，镁平衡可能是镁缺乏的一个合适指标。食用不被认为具有非典型菜单的饮食导致的镁缺乏会诱发绝经后女性心律失常，损害葡萄糖稳态，并改变胆固醇和氧化代谢。对于健康成年人来说，约4.12毫摩尔（100毫克）镁/8.4兆焦的膳食摄入量不足，可能会导致绝经后女性心血管健康受损和血糖控制不佳。
