Merino Sandra T, Cherry Joel
Novozymes Inc., 1445 Drew Ave., CA 95618, Davis, USA.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2007;108:95-120. doi: 10.1007/10_2007_066.
Enzymes play a critical role in the conversion of lignocellulosic waste into fuels and chemicals, but the high cost of these enzymes presents a significant barrier to commercialization. In the simplest terms, the cost is a function of the large amount of enzyme protein required to break down polymeric sugars in cellulose and hemicellulose to fermentable monomers. In the past 6 years, significant effort has been expended to reduce the cost by focusing on improving the efficiency of known enzymes, identification of new, more active enzymes, creating enzyme mixes optimized for selected pretreated substrates, and minimization of enzyme production costs. Here we describe advances in enzyme technology for use in the production of biofuels and the challenges that remain.
酶在将木质纤维素废料转化为燃料和化学品的过程中起着关键作用，但这些酶的高成本对商业化构成了重大障碍。最简单地说，成本取决于分解纤维素和半纤维素中的聚合糖以形成可发酵单体所需的大量酶蛋白。在过去6年里，人们付出了巨大努力来降低成本，重点是提高已知酶的效率、鉴定新的、活性更高的酶、创建针对选定预处理底物优化的酶混合物以及尽量降低酶的生产成本。在此，我们描述了用于生物燃料生产的酶技术进展以及仍然存在的挑战。
