Gedrose B, Wonneberger C, Jünger J, Robra B P, Schmidt A, Stosch C, Wagner R, Scherer M, Pöge K, Rothe K, van den Bussche H
Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2012 Jun;137(23):1242-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1304872. Epub 2012 Mar 23.
This study investigated the career preferences of medical graduates with regard to discipline, final position, preferred area of work, and work load after the completion of postgraduate according to gender in Germany.
Standardized postal survey among all last year medical students in the medical faculties of Erlangen, Giessen, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Cologne, Leipzig and Magdeburg in 2009. 2017 persons were contacted and 1012 (48 %) participated. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were performed. Qualitative interviews with graduates completed data collection.
Overall, graduates prefer the hospital over private practice as their workplace after postgraduate training. However, 50 % of male graduates but only 29 % of female graduates aspire a leading position in the hospital. Male graduates often prefer careers in surgical disciplines, specialized internal medicine whereas female graduates orient themselves towards gynecology, pediatrics and smaller clinical disciplines like dermatology. 80 % of male but only 40 % of female graduates prefer a full-time position after completion of postgraduate training, whereas 16 % of female graduates aim at a part-time position only.
The results demonstrate the persistence of traditional role models among medical graduates. Men aim at leading positions in the hospital whereas women prefer lower hospital positions or outpatient practices. Women look for part-time jobs, at least temporarily for child rearing whereas men continue to prefer full-time jobs.
本研究调查了德国医学专业毕业生在完成研究生学业后，根据性别在学科、最终职位、首选工作领域和工作量方面的职业偏好。
2009年对埃尔朗根、吉森、汉堡、海德堡、科隆、莱比锡和马格德堡医学院的所有最后一年医学生进行标准化邮政调查。联系了2017人，1012人（48%）参与。进行了描述性统计和回归分析。对毕业生进行定性访谈以完成数据收集。
总体而言，毕业生在研究生培训后更喜欢将医院作为工作场所而非私人诊所。然而，50%的男性毕业生但只有29%的女性毕业生渴望在医院担任领导职位。男性毕业生通常更喜欢外科、专科内科领域的职业，而女性毕业生则倾向于妇科、儿科以及皮肤科等较小的临床学科。80%的男性毕业生但只有40%的女性毕业生在完成研究生培训后更喜欢全职工作，而16%的女性毕业生仅希望从事兼职工作。
结果表明医学毕业生中传统角色模式仍然存在。男性追求在医院担任领导职位，而女性更喜欢在医院担任较低职位或门诊工作。女性寻求兼职工作，至少在育儿期间暂时如此，而男性仍然更喜欢全职工作。
