Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska Anna, Tymczyna Leszek, Skórska Czesława, Sitkowska Jolanta, Cholewa Grazyna, Dutkiewicz Jacek
Department of Animal Hygiene and Environment, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding, University of Agriculture in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2007;14(1):141-50.
A novel biofilter containing organic, bentonite and halloysite media was applied for elimination of microbial pollutants from the air of an industrial hatchery. The concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, dust and bacterial endotoxin were determined in the air of hatchery during 2 months before installation of the biofilter, and during 6 months after installation of the biofilter, at the inlet and outlet ducts from each medium. Before installation of the biofilter, the concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, dust and endotoxin in the air were within the ranges of 0.97-131.2x10(3) cfu/m3, 0.0-34.4x10(3) cfu/m3, 0.0-0.02x10(3) cfu/m3, 0.37-4.53 mg/m3, and 50.9-520,450.4 ng/m3, respectively. Enterococcus faecalis and Gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and other species) prevailed among bacterial species recovered from the air of the hatchery. A total of 56 species or genera of bacteria were identified in the air samples taken in the examined hatchery; of these, 11, 11 and 6 species or genera respectively were reported as having allergenic, immunotoxic and/or infectious properties The concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and endotoxin found at the inlet duct of the biofilter after its installation were significantly smaller compared to those recorded before its installation (p<0.05). The concentrations of Gram-negative bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis and dust found at the outlet ducts of biofilter after its installation were significantly smaller compared to those recorded at the inlet duct of the biofilter (p<0.01). The concentrations of total meso-philic bacteria were also smaller at the outlet ducts of the biofilter compared to that at the inlet duct; however, the difference was not significant because of the massive growth of Streptomyces species in the biofilter's media which contaminated the outcoming air. In conclusion, the applied biofilter proved to be effective in the elimination of potentially pathogenic bacteria, dust and endotoxin from the air of the hatchery. The efficacy of the biofilter could be improved by the inhibition of the Streptomyces growth in the media of the biofilter.
一种含有有机、膨润土和埃洛石介质的新型生物滤器被用于去除工业孵化场空气中的微生物污染物。在安装生物滤器前2个月以及安装生物滤器后6个月期间，分别在每个介质的进、出口管道处测定孵化场空气中总嗜温菌、革兰氏阴性菌、嗜热放线菌、灰尘和细菌内毒素的浓度。在安装生物滤器之前，空气中总嗜温菌、革兰氏阴性菌、嗜热放线菌、灰尘和内毒素的浓度分别在0.97 - 131.2×10³ cfu/m³、0.0 - 34.4×10³ cfu/m³、0.0 - 0.02×10³ cfu/m³、0.37 - 4.53 mg/m³和50.9 - 520450.4 ng/m³范围内。从孵化场空气中分离出的细菌种类中，粪肠球菌和革兰氏阴性菌（不动杆菌属、大肠杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌等）占优势。在所检测的孵化场采集的空气样本中共鉴定出56种或属的细菌；其中，分别有11种、11种和6种或属被报告具有致敏、免疫毒性和/或感染性。安装生物滤器后，在其进气管处测得的总嗜温菌、革兰氏阴性菌、粪肠球菌和内毒素浓度与安装前记录的浓度相比显著降低（p<0.05）。安装生物滤器后，在其出气管处测得的革兰氏阴性菌、粪肠球菌和灰尘浓度与在生物滤器进气管处记录的浓度相比显著降低（p<0.01）。与进气管处相比，生物滤器出气管处的总嗜温菌浓度也较低；然而，由于生物滤器介质中链霉菌大量生长污染了排出的空气，差异不显著。总之，所应用的生物滤器被证明对去除孵化场空气中潜在的病原菌、灰尘和内毒素是有效的。通过抑制生物滤器介质中链霉菌的生长，可以提高生物滤器的效能。
