Glanz Karen, Buller David B, Saraiya Mona
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Environ Health. 2007 Aug 8;6:22. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-6-22.
Outdoor workers have high levels of exposure to ultraviolet radiation and the associated increased risk of skin cancer. This paper describes a review of: 1) descriptive data about outdoor workers' sun exposure and protection and related knowledge, attitudes, and policies and 2) evidence about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention interventions in outdoor workplaces.
Systematic evidence-based review.
We found variable preventive practices, with men more likely to wear hats and protective clothing and women more likely to use sunscreen. Few data document education and prevention policies.
Reports of interventions to promote sun-safe practices and environments provide encouraging results, but yield insufficient evidence to recommend current strategies as effective. Additional efforts should focus on increasing sun protection policies and education programs in workplaces and evaluating whether they improve the health behavior of outdoor workers.
户外工作者暴露于紫外线辐射的程度较高，患皮肤癌的风险相应增加。本文介绍了一项综述：1）关于户外工作者阳光暴露与防护以及相关知识、态度和政策的描述性数据；2）关于户外工作场所皮肤癌预防干预措施有效性的证据。
基于证据的系统综述。
我们发现预防措施各不相同，男性更有可能戴帽子和穿防护服，而女性更有可能使用防晒霜。记录教育和预防政策的数据很少。
关于促进阳光安全做法和环境的干预措施的报告提供了令人鼓舞的结果，但产生的证据不足以推荐当前策略为有效策略。应进一步努力，重点是在工作场所增加防晒政策和教育项目，并评估它们是否能改善户外工作者的健康行为。
