Shai Iris, Wainstein Julio, Harman-Boehm Ilana, Raz Itamar, Fraser Drora, Rudich Assaf, Stampfer Meir J
S. Daniel Abraham International Center for Health and Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems Evaluation, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
Diabetes Care. 2007 Dec;30(12):3011-6. doi: 10.2337/dc07-1103. Epub 2007 Sep 11.
In a randomized controlled trial, we assessed the effect of daily moderate alcohol intake on glycemic control in the fasting and postprandial states in patients with type 2 diabetes who previously had abstained from alcohol.
We randomly assigned 109 patients (41-74 years old) with established type 2 diabetes who abstained from alcohol to receive 150 ml wine (13 g alcohol) or nonalcoholic diet beer (control) each day during a 3-month multicenter trial. The beverages were consumed during dinner. Diet and alcohol consumption were monitored.
During the intervention, 17% of participants (12% from the alcohol group) dropped out, leaving 91 who completed the trial. Within the alcohol group, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) decreased from 139.6 +/- 41 to 118.0 +/- 32.5 mg/dl after 3 months compared with 136.7 +/- 15.4 to 138.6 +/- 27.8 mg/dl in the control subjects (P(v) = 0.015). However, alcohol consumption had no effect on 2-h postprandial glucose levels (difference of 18.5 mg/dl in the control group vs. 17.7 mg/dl in the alcohol group, P(v) = 0.97). Patients in the alcohol group with higher baseline A1C levels had greater reductions in FPG (age-adjusted correlation -0.57, P(v) < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in the levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, or aspartate aminotransferase, and no notable adverse effects were reported. Participants in the alcohol group reported an improvement in the ability to fall asleep (P(v) < 0.001).
Among patients with type 2 diabetes who had previously abstained from alcohol, initiation of moderate daily alcohol consumption reduced FPG but not postprandial glucose. Patients with higher A1C may benefit more from the favorable glycemic effect of alcohol. Further intervention studies are needed to confirm the long-term effect of moderate alcohol intake.
在一项随机对照试验中，我们评估了每日适度饮酒对既往戒酒的2型糖尿病患者空腹及餐后血糖控制的影响。
在一项为期3个月的多中心试验中，我们将109例（41 - 74岁）确诊的既往戒酒的2型糖尿病患者随机分配，使其每天饮用150毫升葡萄酒（含13克酒精）或无酒精的低热量啤酒（对照组）。这些饮品在晚餐时饮用。对饮食和酒精摄入情况进行监测。
在干预期间，17%的参与者（酒精组为12%）退出，剩余91例完成试验。在酒精组中，3个月后空腹血糖（FPG）从139.6±41降至118.0±32.5毫克/分升，而对照组从136.7±15.4降至138.6±27.8毫克/分升（P值 = 0.015）。然而，饮酒对餐后2小时血糖水平无影响（对照组差值为18.5毫克/分升，酒精组为17.7毫克/分升，P值 = 0.97）。基线糖化血红蛋白（A1C）水平较高的酒精组患者空腹血糖降低幅度更大（年龄校正后的相关性为 - 0.57，P值 < 0.001）。胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、谷丙转氨酶或谷草转氨酶水平未观察到显著变化，也未报告明显不良反应。酒精组参与者报告入睡能力有所改善（P值 < 0.001）。
在既往戒酒的2型糖尿病患者中开始每日适度饮酒可降低空腹血糖，但对餐后血糖无影响。糖化血红蛋白水平较高的患者可能从酒精对血糖的有利影响中获益更多。需要进一步的干预研究来证实适度饮酒的长期效果。
