Tzima Natalia, Pitsavos Christos, Panagiotakos Demosthenes B, Skoumas John, Zampelas Antonis, Chrysohoou Christina, Stefanadis Christodoulos
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Lipids Health Dis. 2007 Sep 19;6:22. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-6-22.
We aimed to investigate if overweight and obese adults "close" to Mediterranean diet present better insulin, lipids profile and better pressure levels, compared to individuals close to a more Westernized diet.
The ATTICA study is a population-based cohort that has randomly enrolled 3042 adult men and women, stratified by age - gender, from the greater area of Athens, during 2001-2002. Of them, in this work were have studied 1762 participants with excess body weight, meaning overweight (BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI>30 kg/m2). 1064 were men and 698 women (20-89 years old). Adherence to Mediterranean diet was assessed through a diet-score that was based on a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured and also fasting glucose, insulin and blood lipids. Insulin sensitivity was also assessed by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) approach (glucose x insulin/22.5).
Individuals with excess bodyweight in the highest tertile of diet score, were more insulin sensitive than those in the lowest tertile (11.4% lower HOMA, p = 0.06), had 13% lower levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.001) and 3 mmHg decrease of systolic blood pressure levels (p < 0.001), when adjusted for age, sex and BMI. Multivariate analysis after taking into account several confounders demonstrated that insulin sensitivity, total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure were independently but only modestly correlated with Mediterranean diet in people with excess bodyweight.
Adherence to Mediterranean diet is modestly associated with a better insulin sensitivity, lower levels of total cholesterol and lower levels of systolic blood pressure in overweight and obese subjects. This may suggest that compared to general population, the beneficial effect of this diet in cardiovascular system of excess body weight people is limited.
我们旨在研究与饮食习惯更西化的成年人相比，饮食 “接近” 地中海饮食模式的超重和肥胖成年人是否具有更好的胰岛素、血脂水平和血压水平。
阿提卡研究是一项基于人群的队列研究，在2001年至2002年期间，从雅典大区按年龄 - 性别分层随机招募了3042名成年男性和女性。其中，在这项研究中，我们对1762名体重超标的参与者进行了研究，即超重（体重指数：25 - 29.9千克/平方米）和肥胖（体重指数>30千克/平方米）的参与者。1064名男性和698名女性（年龄在20 - 89岁之间）。通过基于经过验证的食物频率问卷的饮食评分来评估对地中海饮食的依从性。测量血压以及空腹血糖、胰岛素和血脂。还通过稳态模型评估（HOMA）方法（血糖×胰岛素/22.5）评估胰岛素敏感性。
饮食评分处于最高三分位数的超重个体比最低三分位数的个体胰岛素敏感性更高（HOMA降低11.4%，p = 0.06），总胆固醇水平降低13%（p = 0.001），收缩压水平降低3 mmHg（p < 0.001），在对年龄、性别和体重指数进行调整后。在考虑了几个混杂因素后的多变量分析表明，超重人群的胰岛素敏感性、总胆固醇和收缩压与地中海饮食独立相关，但关联程度较弱。
在超重和肥胖受试者中，坚持地中海饮食与较好的胰岛素敏感性、较低的总胆固醇水平和较低的收缩压水平存在较弱的关联。这可能表明，与普通人群相比，这种饮食对超重人群心血管系统的有益作用有限。
