Choi S Y, Kahyo H
Laboratory of Epidemiology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul.
Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Dec;20(4):878-85. doi: 10.1093/ije/20.4.878.
This study presents a comparative risk pattern for cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, in relation to cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption based on data from case-control studies conducted in Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea. The risk of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx rose for current smokers and declined for ex-smokers. In males the odds ratios (ORs) for these sites rose with duration of smoking and number of cigarettes smoked per day. The relationship is strongest for laryngeal cancer. The risk for all sites was elevated linearly as amount and frequency of alcohol intake increased. Heavy drinkers, i.e. males who drank 90 g ethanol daily had an approximately 15-fold risk of cancer of the oral cavity, an 11-fold risk of pharyngeal cancer and an 11-fold risk of laryngeal cancer compared with non-drinkers. Alcohol drinking was a much stronger risk factor for cancer of the oral cavity than cancer of the pharynx and larynx. Alcohol was a much weaker risk factor for laryngeal cancer than cigarette smoking. Cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx also showed an interaction between smoking and alcohol, suggesting a synergistic effect.
本研究基于在韩国首尔韩国癌症中心医院开展的病例对照研究数据，呈现了口腔癌、咽癌和喉癌与吸烟及饮酒相关的比较风险模式。口腔癌、咽癌和喉癌的风险在当前吸烟者中上升，在前吸烟者中下降。在男性中，这些部位的比值比（OR）随着吸烟持续时间和每日吸烟量的增加而上升。这种关系在喉癌中最为显著。随着酒精摄入量和饮酒频率的增加，所有部位的风险均呈线性升高。重度饮酒者，即每天饮用90克乙醇的男性，与不饮酒者相比，患口腔癌的风险约高15倍，患咽癌的风险高11倍，患喉癌的风险高11倍。饮酒对口腔癌而言是比咽癌和喉癌更强的风险因素。酒精对喉癌而言是比吸烟弱得多的风险因素。口腔癌、咽癌和喉癌还显示出吸烟与饮酒之间的相互作用，提示存在协同效应。
