Kaminski Juliane, Fischer Julia, Call Josep
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Anim Cogn. 2008 Apr;11(2):367-71. doi: 10.1007/s10071-007-0124-1. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
We investigated whether two dogs that had been specially trained to retrieve objects by their names were able to integrate information about the identity (What) as well as the location (Where) of those objects so that they could plan their search accordingly. In a first study, two sets of objects were placed in two separate rooms and subjects were asked to retrieve the objects, one after the other. Both dogs remembered the identity of the objects as they reliably retrieved the correct objects. One of the dogs was also able to integrate information about the object's location as he chose the correct location in which the object had been placed. Further investigation of the second dog's behavior revealed that she followed a more stereotyped search strategy. Despite this variation in performance, this study provides evidence for the memory of What and Where in a domestic dog and shows the prospective use of such information in a search task.
我们研究了两只经过特殊训练能根据名字取回物品的狗是否能够整合有关物品身份（是什么）以及位置（在哪里）的信息，以便它们能够据此规划搜索。在第一项研究中，两组物品被放置在两个单独的房间里，要求受试者依次取回物品。两只狗都记住了物品的身份，因为它们可靠地取回了正确的物品。其中一只狗还能够整合有关物品位置的信息，因为它选择了物品放置的正确位置。对第二只狗行为的进一步调查发现，它遵循了一种更刻板的搜索策略。尽管表现存在这种差异，但这项研究为家犬对“是什么”和“在哪里”的记忆提供了证据，并展示了此类信息在搜索任务中的预期用途。
