Weber Bernhard, Hertel Guido
Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Roentgering 10, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Dec;93(6):973-93. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.6.973.
In recent years, a growing number of studies have demonstrated that individuals can exert higher motivation when working in a group compared to working individually. This is particularly true for less capable, inferior group members. To aggregate these findings and to examine preconditions as well as moderating influences on motivation gains of inferior group members, the authors conducted a meta-analysis (17 studies, N=2,240). Results indicated that the overall motivation gain effect of inferior group members observed is moderate and significant (g=.60). Moderator analyses revealed substantial influences of task structure, performance information, physical presence, gender, and task type.
近年来，越来越多的研究表明，与单独工作相比，个体在团队中工作时能够发挥出更高的积极性。对于能力较弱、处于劣势的团队成员来说尤其如此。为了汇总这些研究结果，并考察对劣势团队成员积极性提升的前提条件以及调节影响因素，作者进行了一项元分析（17项研究，N = 2240）。结果表明，观察到的劣势团队成员的总体积极性提升效应中等且显著（g = 0.60）。调节因素分析揭示了任务结构、绩效信息、身体在场、性别和任务类型的重大影响。
