Petrova Assya, Alipieva Kalina, Kostadinova Emanuela, Antonova Daniela, Lacheva Maria, Gjosheva Melania, Popov Simeon, Bankova Vassya
Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Chem Cent J. 2007 Dec 20;1:33. doi: 10.1186/1752-153X-1-33.
Mushrooms in the genus Agaricus have worldwide distribution and include the economically important species A. bisporus. Some Agaricus species are inedible, including A. placomyces and A. pseudopratensis, which are similar in appearance to certain edible species, yet are known to possess unpleasant odours and induce gastrointestinal problems if consumed. We have studied the chemical composition of these mushrooms using GC-MS.
Our GC-MS studies on the volatile fractions and butanol extracts resulted in the identification of 44 and 34 compounds for A. placomyces and A. pseudopratensis, respectively, including fatty acids and their esters, amino acids, and sugar alcohols. The most abundant constituent in the volatiles and butanol were phenol and urea respectively. We also identified the presence of ergosterol and two Delta7-sterols. In addition, 5alpha,8alpha-Epidioxi-24(xi)-methylcholesta-6,22-diene-3beta-ol was isolated for the first time from both mushrooms. Our study is therefore the first report on the chemical composition of these two species.
The results obtained contribute to the knowledge of the chemical composition of mushrooms belonging to the Agaricus genus, and provide some explanation for the reported mild toxicity of A. placomyces and A. pseudopratensis, a phenonomenon that can be explained by a high phenol content, similar to that found in other Xanthodermatei species.
姬松茸属蘑菇在全球范围内均有分布，其中包括具有重要经济价值的双孢蘑菇。一些姬松茸属物种不可食用，包括皱柄白鬼伞和假草原蘑菇，它们外观与某些可食用物种相似，但已知具有难闻气味，食用后会引发胃肠道问题。我们使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）研究了这些蘑菇的化学成分。
我们对皱柄白鬼伞和假草原蘑菇的挥发性成分和丁醇提取物进行的GC - MS研究，分别鉴定出44种和34种化合物，包括脂肪酸及其酯类、氨基酸和糖醇。挥发物中含量最丰富的成分是苯酚，丁醇提取物中含量最丰富的成分是尿素。我们还鉴定出了麦角固醇和两种Δ7 - 甾醇的存在。此外，5α,8α - 环氧 - 24（ξ） - 甲基胆甾 - 6,22 - 二烯 - 3β - 醇首次从这两种蘑菇中分离出来。因此，我们的研究是关于这两个物种化学成分的首次报道。
所获得的结果有助于了解姬松茸属蘑菇的化学成分，并为皱柄白鬼伞和假草原蘑菇所报道的轻度毒性提供了一些解释，这种现象可以用高苯酚含量来解释，类似于在其他黄皮伞类物种中发现的情况。
