Ando Toshio, Uchihashi Takayuki, Kodera Noriyuki, Yamamoto Daisuke, Miyagi Atsushi, Taniguchi Masaaki, Yamashita Hayato
Department of Physics, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
Pflugers Arch. 2008 Apr;456(1):211-25. doi: 10.1007/s00424-007-0406-0. Epub 2007 Dec 20.
Conventional atomic force microscopes (AFMs) take at least 30-60 s to capture an image, while dynamic biomolecular processes occur on a millisecond timescale or less. To narrow this large difference in timescale, various studies have been carried out in the past decade. These efforts have led to a maximum imaging rate of 30-60 ms/frame for a scan range of approximately 250 nm, with a weak tip-sample interaction force being maintained. Recent imaging studies using high-speed AFM with this capacity have shown that this new microscope can provide straightforward and prompt answers to how and what structural changes progress while individual biomolecules are at work. This article first compares high-speed AFM with its competitor (single-molecule fluorescence microscopy) on various aspects and then describes high-speed AFM instrumentation and imaging studies on biomolecular processes. The article concludes by discussing the future prospects of this cutting-edge microscopy.
传统原子力显微镜（AFM）捕捉一幅图像至少需要30 - 60秒，而动态生物分子过程发生在毫秒级或更短的时间尺度上。为了缩小这种时间尺度上的巨大差异，在过去十年中进行了各种研究。这些努力使得在扫描范围约为250纳米时，最大成像速率达到30 - 60毫秒/帧，同时保持较弱的针尖 - 样品相互作用力。最近使用具有这种能力的高速AFM进行的成像研究表明，这种新型显微镜能够直接且迅速地回答单个生物分子工作时结构变化是如何以及发生了哪些进展的问题。本文首先在各个方面将高速AFM与其竞争对手（单分子荧光显微镜）进行比较，然后描述高速AFM仪器以及对生物分子过程的成像研究。文章最后讨论了这种前沿显微镜的未来前景。
