Sajid Khan Mohammad, Parveen Riffat, Chaouachi Kamal, Naeem Ayisha, Mahmood Rubaida, Shamim Rahat
Multan Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy1, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2007 Dec;57(12):595-9.
To find CEA levels in smokers of different categories (hookah smokers, cigarette smokers smoking different brands of cigarettes and different number of cigarettes per day) and to correlate CEA levels with type and rate of smoking.
A total of 122 cigarette smokers (115 men and 7 women) and 14 hookah smokers (all men) with age ranging from 16-80 years were studied. CEA levels were also measured in 36 non-smokers who served as controls. Enhanced chemilumiscent immunometeric technique was applied to measure CEA levels in our subjects.
The mean CEA levels of cigarette smokers were compared with the mean CEA levels observed in hookah smokers (7.16 +/- 10.4 ng/ml) and non-smokers (2.15 +/- 0.68 ng/ml). The mean value of CEA level observed in cigarette smokers, 9.19 +/- 14.9 ng/ml (n=122) was significantly higher than the levels in non-smokers and hookah smokers (p < 0.0067). It was also observed that CEA levels increased with the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The highest levels were observed in smokers who smoke more than 31 cigarettes per day. The smokers that use relatively cheaper brands of cigarettes had higher levels of CEA compared to those who use high quality brands.
It was concluded that the brands of cigarettes (which were ranked on the basis of price) and the rate of smoking both play an important role in raising the CEA levels. Further the common belief that hookah also called narghile or shisha is a relatively safe mode of smoking is not completely correct; a significant proportion of hookah smokers have high levels of CEA although mean levels of hookah smokers were low compared to cigarette smokers.
测定不同类型吸烟者（水烟吸食者、吸食不同品牌香烟及每日吸食不同数量香烟的卷烟吸烟者）的癌胚抗原（CEA）水平，并将CEA水平与吸烟类型及吸烟率相关联。
共研究了122名年龄在16至80岁之间的卷烟吸烟者（115名男性和7名女性）以及14名水烟吸食者（均为男性）。还对36名作为对照的非吸烟者进行了CEA水平测定。采用增强化学发光免疫分析技术测定受试者的CEA水平。
将卷烟吸烟者的平均CEA水平与水烟吸食者（7.16±10.4纳克/毫升）和非吸烟者（2.15±0.68纳克/毫升）的平均CEA水平进行比较。卷烟吸烟者的CEA平均水平为9.19±14.9纳克/毫升（n = 122），显著高于非吸烟者和水烟吸食者（p < 0.0067）。还观察到CEA水平随每日吸烟量增加而升高。每日吸烟超过31支的吸烟者中CEA水平最高。与使用高品质品牌香烟的吸烟者相比，使用相对便宜品牌香烟的吸烟者CEA水平更高。
得出的结论是，香烟品牌（按价格排名）和吸烟率在提高CEA水平方面均起着重要作用。此外，普遍认为水烟（又称narghile或shisha）是一种相对安全的吸烟方式这一观点并不完全正确；尽管水烟吸食者的平均CEA水平低于卷烟吸烟者，但相当一部分水烟吸食者的CEA水平较高。
