Klement W, Arndt J O
Department of Experimental Anaesthesiology, University of Düsseldorf, F.R.G.
Br J Anaesth. 1991 Feb;66(2):189-95. doi: 10.1093/bja/66.2.189.
We have studied the intensity and time-course of pain during and after injection into an isolated vein segment in seven normal subjects of saline or glucose of different osmolalities (0-6 osmol kg-1) or pH (2-13). Pain scores were recorded continuously by a modified visual analogue scale apparatus. With osmolar stimulation, pain occurred at 1.0 osmol kg-1 during perfusion and 3.0 osmol kg-1 with rapid injection and increased with osmolar concentration of both saline and glucose solutions. Acidic and alkaline solutions evoked pain at a pH value less than 4 or greater than 11. We conclude that pain on i.v. injection of some sedative and hypnotic drugs is likely to be caused by formulations of extremely unphysiological osmolalities or pH values.
我们研究了在7名正常受试者中，向离体静脉段注射不同渗透压（0 - 6 osmol/kg⁻¹）或pH值（2 - 13）的生理盐水或葡萄糖溶液期间及之后疼痛的强度和时间过程。疼痛评分通过改良的视觉模拟量表装置连续记录。在渗透压刺激下，灌注时渗透压为1.0 osmol/kg⁻¹、快速注射时为3.0 osmol/kg⁻¹时会出现疼痛，且随着生理盐水和葡萄糖溶液渗透压浓度的增加而加剧。酸性和碱性溶液在pH值小于4或大于11时会引起疼痛。我们得出结论，静脉注射某些镇静催眠药物时的疼痛可能是由渗透压或pH值极不符合生理的制剂引起的。
