Ma Yunsheng, Li Wenjun, Olendzki Barbara C, Pagoto Sherry L, Merriam Philip A, Chiriboga David E, Griffith Jennifer A, Bodenlos Jamie, Wang Yanli, Ockene Ira S
Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Feb;108(2):240-6; discussion 246-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.10.047.
The purpose of this ancillary study is to determine the quality of diets in patients with documented coronary heart disease (CHD).
Dietary data were originally collected using a 24-hour dietary recall in 555 patients with CHD, 1 year after a diagnostic coronary angiography. Data used for this investigation were collected between March 2001 and November 2003.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Patients were participants in a clinical trial to improve adherence to lipid-lowering medications. The Alternate Healthy Eating Index, an instrument designed to evaluate the degree to which a diet has the potential to prevent cardiovascular disease, measured dietary quality.
Linear regression models were used to assess the association of dietary quality with patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Mean age of participants was 61 years, with an average body mass index of 30 (calculated as kg/m(2)). Sixty percent were men. Average daily caloric intake was 1,775 kcal, with 50% of calories derived from carbohydrates, 18% from protein, and 32% from total fat. Average Alternate Healthy Eating Index score was 30.8 out of a possible maximum score of 80. Only 12.4% of subjects met the recommended consumption of vegetables, 7.8% for fruit, 8% for cereal fiber, and 5.2% for trans-fat intake. Lower dietary quality was associated with lower total caloric intake, as well as with smoking, obesity, and lower educational level.
A high proportion of patients reported poor dietary quality 1 year after experiencing a coronary event. Our data support continued efforts to enhance healthful dietary changes over time for secondary prevention of CHD. Dietary change should be emphasized with CHD patients who are less educated, smokers, or obese.
这项辅助研究的目的是确定有冠心病（CHD）记录的患者的饮食质量。
饮食数据最初是在555例冠心病患者进行诊断性冠状动脉造影1年后，通过24小时饮食回顾收集的。本研究使用的数据收集于2001年3月至2003年11月之间。
研究对象/背景：患者是一项旨在提高降脂药物依从性的临床试验的参与者。使用替代健康饮食指数（一种旨在评估饮食预防心血管疾病潜力程度的工具）来衡量饮食质量。
使用线性回归模型评估饮食质量与患者社会人口统计学和临床特征之间的关联。
参与者的平均年龄为61岁，平均体重指数为30（以kg/m²计算）。60%为男性。平均每日热量摄入为1775千卡，其中50%的热量来自碳水化合物，18%来自蛋白质，32%来自总脂肪。替代健康饮食指数的平均得分为30.8分（满分80分）。只有12.4%的受试者达到蔬菜推荐摄入量，7.8%达到水果推荐摄入量，8%达到谷物纤维推荐摄入量，5.2%达到反式脂肪摄入量推荐标准。较低的饮食质量与较低的总热量摄入以及吸烟、肥胖和较低的教育水平相关。
很大一部分患者在经历冠心病事件1年后报告饮食质量较差。我们的数据支持随着时间的推移持续努力加强健康的饮食改变，以进行冠心病的二级预防。对于教育程度较低、吸烟或肥胖的冠心病患者，应强调饮食改变。
