Reynolds Mary G, Davidson Whitni B, Curns Aaron T, Conover Craig S, Huhn Gregory, Davis Jeffrey P, Wegner Mark, Croft Donita R, Newman Alexandra, Obiesie Nkolika N, Hansen Gail R, Hays Patrick L, Pontones Pamela, Beard Brad, Teclaw Robert, Howell James F, Braden Zachary, Holman Robert C, Karem Kevin L, Damon Inger K
Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Sep;13(9):1332-9. doi: 10.3201/eid1309.070175.
For the 2003 monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in the United States, interhuman transmission was not documented and all case-patients were near or handled MPXV-infected prairie dogs. We initiated a case-control study to evaluate risk factors for animal-to-human MPXV transmission. Participants completed a questionnaire requesting exposure, clinical, and demographic information. Serum samples were obtained for analysis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM to orthopoxvirus. When data were adjusted for smallpox vaccination, case-patients were more likely than controls to have had daily exposure to a sick animal (odds ratio [OR] 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-13.4), cleaned cages and bedding of a sick animal (OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.4-20.7), or touched a sick animal (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.2-13.4). These findings demonstrate that human MPXV infection is associated with handling of MPXV-infected animals and suggest that exposure to excretions and secretions of infected animals can result in infection.
在2003年美国的猴痘病毒（MPXV）疫情中，未记录到人际传播，所有病例患者均接近或接触过感染MPXV的草原犬鼠。我们开展了一项病例对照研究，以评估动物-to-人MPXV传播的危险因素。参与者完成了一份问卷，询问暴露情况、临床和人口统计学信息。采集血清样本用于分析针对正痘病毒的免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和IgM。在对天花疫苗接种情况进行数据调整后，病例患者比对照更有可能每天接触患病动物（比值比[OR] 4.0，95%置信区间[CI] 1.2 - 13.4）、清理患病动物的笼子和垫料（OR 5.3，95% CI 1.4 - 20.7）或触摸患病动物（OR 4.0，95% CI 1.2 - 13.4）。这些发现表明，人类MPXV感染与接触感染MPXV的动物有关，并提示接触感染动物的排泄物和分泌物可导致感染。
