Sierra Saleta, Lara-Villoslada Federico, Comalada Mònica, Olivares Mónica, Xaus Jordi
Biomedicine Department, Puleva Biotech SA, Granada, Spain.
Nutrition. 2008 Mar;24(3):245-54. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.11.005.
The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are involved in the modulation of the immune response. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) produced from dietary precursors may not be sufficient to match nutritional requirements and thus should be included in our diet. In this sense, the administration of higher amounts of DHA than of EPA in infant formulations is recommended. The aims of this work were to demonstrate that dietary administration of EPA or DHA to mice allows reaching similar tissue DHA levels and to compare their anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of action.
Balb/c mice were fed diets enriched with EPA or DHA for 3 wk. Twelve hours before sacrifice, a contact dermatitis was induced in the ears of the animals. Tissue fatty acid contents were determined. Cytokine and immunoglobulin concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and ears were collected to analyze local inflammatory effects.
The DHA concentrations attained in tissues were similar to the two diets, whereas the EPA concentration increased only when the diet was enriched with this polyunsaturated fatty acid. Although EPA and DHA reduced ear inflammation, EPA reduced neutrophil infiltration in the ears more efficiently. EPA was associated with a greater reduction in the systemic macrophage inflammatory response and T-helper type 2 response and with increased interleukin-10 production.
Similar levels of DHA in tissues are reached in mice fed an EPA- or a DHA-enriched diet. Dietary EPA and DHA show anti-inflammatory properties, but EPA appears to be more potent.
ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸参与免疫反应的调节。由膳食前体产生的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）可能不足以满足营养需求，因此应纳入我们的饮食中。从这个意义上说，建议在婴儿配方奶粉中添加比EPA更多的DHA。这项研究的目的是证明给小鼠喂食EPA或DHA能使组织中的DHA水平相似，并比较它们的抗炎作用和作用机制。
给Balb/c小鼠喂食富含EPA或DHA的饮食3周。在处死前12小时，在动物耳部诱发接触性皮炎。测定组织脂肪酸含量。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法测量细胞因子和免疫球蛋白浓度，并收集耳部分析局部炎症效应。
两种饮食在组织中达到的DHA浓度相似，而只有当饮食富含这种多不饱和脂肪酸时，EPA浓度才会增加。虽然EPA和DHA都能减轻耳部炎症，但EPA能更有效地减少耳部中性粒细胞浸润。EPA与全身巨噬细胞炎症反应和2型辅助性T细胞反应的更大程度降低以及白细胞介素-10产生增加有关。
喂食富含EPA或DHA饮食的小鼠组织中DHA水平相似。膳食EPA和DHA具有抗炎特性，但EPA似乎更有效。
