Kraitchman Dara L, Bulte Jeff W M
Russell H. Morgan Dept. of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Basic Res Cardiol. 2008 Mar;103(2):105-13. doi: 10.1007/s00395-008-0704-5.
The administration of exogenous stem cells offers promise to regenerate many damaged organs. However, failures of these cellular therapies could be related to many issues, such as the type of stem cell, the dose of cellular therapeutic, dosing regime, and mode of delivery. The recent ability to directly label stem cells with magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents provides a simple, straight-forward manner to monitor accurate cell delivery and track stem cells non-invasively in a serial manner. Provided here is an overview of the currently available MR-labeling methods, including direct non-specific labeling with contrast agents, indirect specific labeling with contrast agents, labeling with MRI reporter genes, and fluorine hot spot labeling. Several of these approaches have now been applied successfully in preclinical animal models of cardiovascular disease. Once properly implemented, future clinical trials may benefit greatly from imaging stem cells with MRI.
外源性干细胞的应用有望使许多受损器官再生。然而，这些细胞疗法的失败可能与许多问题有关，如干细胞类型、细胞治疗剂量、给药方案和递送方式。最近利用磁共振（MR）造影剂直接标记干细胞的能力提供了一种简单、直接的方式，可用于监测精确的细胞递送并以连续方式对干细胞进行非侵入性追踪。本文概述了目前可用的磁共振标记方法，包括用造影剂进行直接非特异性标记、用造影剂进行间接特异性标记、用MRI报告基因进行标记以及氟热点标记。其中几种方法现已成功应用于心血管疾病的临床前动物模型。一旦正确实施，未来的临床试验可能会从利用MRI对干细胞进行成像中大大受益。
