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烟草广告禁令对发展中国家消费的影响。

The impact of tobacco advertising bans on consumption in developing countries.

作者信息

Blecher Evan

机构信息

Health Economics Unit, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa.

出版信息

J Health Econ. 2008 Jul;27(4):930-942. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.02.010. Epub 2008 Mar 8.

Abstract

Tobacco advertising bans have become commonplace in developed nations but are less prevalent in developing countries. The importance of advertising bans as part of comprehensive tobacco control strategies has been emphasised by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control which calls for comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising. The empirical literature suggests that comprehensive advertising bans have played a role in reducing consumption in developed countries but that limited policies have not. This paper extends this analysis to include 30 developing countries and finds that bans do play an important role in reducing tobacco consumption in these countries. It finds that both comprehensive as well as limited policies are effective in reducing consumption although comprehensive bans have a far greater impact than limited ones. Furthermore, it finds that advertising bans may be even more effective in the developing world than they are in the developed world.

摘要

烟草广告禁令在发达国家已变得司空见惯,但在发展中国家却不那么普遍。《烟草控制框架公约》强调了广告禁令作为全面烟草控制战略一部分的重要性,该公约呼吁全面禁止烟草广告。实证文献表明,全面广告禁令在发达国家的消费减少中发挥了作用,但有限的政策却没有。本文将这一分析扩展至30个发展中国家,发现禁令在这些国家减少烟草消费方面确实发挥了重要作用。研究发现,全面政策和有限政策在减少消费方面都是有效的,尽管全面禁令的影响远大于有限禁令。此外,研究发现广告禁令在发展中世界可能比在发达世界更有效。

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