South Susan C, Krueger Robert F, Johnson Wendy, Iacono William G
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 May;94(5):899-912. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.5.899.
In contrast with early theories of socialization that emphasized the role of parents in shaping their children's personalities, recent empirical evidence suggests an evocative relationship between adolescent personality traits and the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship. Research using behavior genetic methods suggests that the association between personality and parenting is genetically mediated, such that the genetic effects on adolescent personality traits overlap with the genetic effects on parenting behavior. In the current study, the authors examined whether the etiology of this relationship might change depending on the adolescent's personality. Biometrical moderation models were used to test for gene- environment interaction and correlation between personality traits and measures of conflict, regard, and involvement with parents in a sample of 2,452 adolescents (M age = 17.79 years). They found significant moderation of both positive and negative qualities of the parent-adolescent relationship, such that the genetic and environmental variance in relationship quality varied as functions of the adolescent's levels of personality. These findings support the importance of adolescent personality in the development of the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship.
与早期强调父母在塑造孩子性格方面作用的社会化理论不同，最近的实证证据表明青少年性格特质与亲子关系质量之间存在一种唤起性的关系。使用行为遗传学方法的研究表明，性格与养育方式之间的关联是由基因介导的，以至于对青少年性格特质的基因影响与对养育行为的基因影响相互重叠。在当前的研究中，作者们考察了这种关系的病因是否可能因青少年的性格而改变。生物统计学调节模型被用于在一个包含2452名青少年（平均年龄 = 17.79岁）的样本中检验基因 - 环境相互作用以及性格特质与与父母冲突、关爱和参与度测量之间的相关性。他们发现亲子关系的积极和消极特质都存在显著调节作用，以至于关系质量中的基因和环境方差会随着青少年的性格水平而变化。这些发现支持了青少年性格在亲子关系质量发展中的重要性。
