Lu Yuquan, Sobue Tomotaka, Kitamura Tetsuhisa, Matsuse Ryoichi, Kitamura Yuri, Matsuo Keitaro, Ito Hidemi, Oze Isao, Shimazu Taichi, Yamaji Taiki, Iwasaki Motoki, Sasazuki Shizuka, Sawada Norie, Tsugane Shoichiro
Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka.
Kyoto Medical Science Laboratory, Kyoto.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2018 Mar;27(2):171-179. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000283.
The effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking on the incidence of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OCPC) in the Asian population have been poorly understood. To assess the effects of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and facial flushing response on incidence of OCPC, a total of 95 525 middle-aged and older eligible individuals were followed in a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan from 1990 to 2010. In this study, the person-years of observation were 698 006 in men and 846 813 in women, and a total of 222 cases (men=160, women=62) of OCPC were newly diagnosed during the study period. A multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model was used to assess the incidence risk of OCPC and subsites by cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. The result showed that cigarette smoking and regular alcohol drinking were associated significantly with the incidence of OCPC in men. Compared with nonsmokers and nondrinkers, current male smokers showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.37 [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.51-3.70] and regular male drinkers showed an HR of 1.82 (95% CI=1.20-2.76). Cigarette smoking also increased the risk of OCPC among male heavy alcohol drinkers (HR=4.05, 95% CI=2.31-7.11). However, there was no significant association between facial flushing response and OCPC. In conclusion, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking are independent risk factors for OCPC and its subsites in the male Japanese population.
吸烟和饮酒对亚洲人群口腔和咽癌（OCPC）发病率的影响一直未得到充分了解。为了评估吸烟、饮酒和面部潮红反应对OCPC发病率的影响，1990年至2010年在日本开展了一项大规模的基于人群的队列研究，对总共95525名符合条件的中老年人进行了随访。在本研究中，男性的观察人年数为698006，女性为846813，在研究期间共新诊断出222例OCPC病例（男性=160例，女性=62例）。采用多变量Cox比例风险模型评估吸烟和饮酒导致OCPC及其亚部位的发病风险。结果显示，吸烟和经常饮酒与男性OCPC的发病率显著相关。与不吸烟者和不饮酒者相比，当前男性吸烟者的风险比（HR）为2.37[95%置信区间（CI）=1.51 - 3.70]，经常饮酒的男性HR为1.82（95%CI=1.20 - 2.76）。吸烟也增加了男性重度饮酒者患OCPC的风险（HR=4.05，95%CI=2.31 - 7.11）。然而，面部潮红反应与OCPC之间没有显著关联。总之，吸烟和饮酒是日本男性人群中OCPC及其亚部位的独立危险因素。
