Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, P. Bag X1, 7602, South Africa.
Stud Mycol. 2006;55:199-212. doi: 10.3114/sim.55.1.199.
Ophiostoma represents a genus of fungi that are mostly arthropod-dispersed and have a wide global distribution. The best known of these fungi are carried by scolytine bark beetles that infest trees, but an interesting guild of Ophiostoma spp. occurs in the infructescences of Protea spp. native to South Africa. Phylogenetic relationships between Ophiostoma spp. from Protea infructescences were studied using DNA sequence data from the beta-tubulin, 5.8S ITS (including the flanking internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2) and the large subunit DNA regions. Two new species, O. phasma sp. nov. and O. palmiculminatum sp. nov. are described and compared with other Ophiostoma spp. occurring in the same niche. Results of this study have raised the number of Ophiostoma species from the infructescences of serotinous Protea spp. in South Africa to five. Molecular data also suggest that adaptation to the Protea infructescence niche by Ophiostoma spp. has occurred independently more than once.
束管孢菌属代表了一类真菌，它们主要通过节肢动物传播，在全球范围内分布广泛。这些真菌中最著名的是侵害树木的长蠹科树皮甲虫所携带的真菌，但有趣的是，在南非本土的普洛蒂亚属植物的果实中也存在着一个有趣的束管孢菌属群体。本研究使用来自β-微管蛋白、5.8S ITS（包括侧翼内部转录间隔区 1 和 2）和大亚基 DNA 区域的 DNA 序列数据，研究了来自普洛蒂亚果实的束管孢菌属的系统发育关系。描述并比较了两个新种，即 Phasma 束管孢菌和 Palmiculminatum 束管孢菌，并与在同一生态位中出现的其他束管孢菌属进行了比较。本研究的结果将南非结籽普洛蒂亚属果实中束管孢菌属的物种数量增加到了 5 种。分子数据还表明，束管孢菌属对普洛蒂亚果实生态位的适应是多次独立发生的。
