重编程病毒作为癌症治疗手段：靶向、武装与防护
Reprogrammed viruses as cancer therapeutics: targeted, armed and shielded.
作者信息
Cattaneo Roberto, Miest Tanner, Shashkova Elena V, Barry Michael A
机构信息
Department of Molecular Medicine, Rochester, MayoClinic, Minnesota 55905, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Jul;6(7):529-40. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1927.
Abstract
Virotherapy is currently undergoing a renaissance, based on our improved understanding of virus biology and genetics and our better knowledge of many different types of cancer. Viruses can be reprogrammed into oncolytic vectors by combining three types of modification: targeting, arming and shielding. Targeting introduces multiple layers of cancer specificity and improves safety and efficacy; arming occurs through the expression of prodrug convertases and cytokines; and coating with polymers and the sequential usage of different envelopes or capsids provides shielding from the host immune response. Virus-based therapeutics are beginning to find their place in cancer clinical practice, in combination with chemotherapy and radiation.
摘要
基于我们对病毒生物学和遗传学的深入理解以及对多种不同类型癌症的更全面认识，病毒疗法目前正在复兴。通过结合三种修饰方式，病毒可被重新编程为溶瘤载体：靶向、武装和屏蔽。靶向引入多层癌症特异性，提高安全性和疗效；武装通过前药转化酶和细胞因子的表达实现；用聚合物包被以及依次使用不同的包膜或衣壳可屏蔽宿主免疫反应。基于病毒的疗法开始在癌症临床实践中与化疗和放疗联合发挥作用。
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