Center for Liver Diseases, Inova Fairfax Hospital, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA.
Obes Surg. 2010 Feb;20(2):154-60. doi: 10.1007/s11695-008-9549-0. Epub 2008 Jun 17.
Obesity is not only associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but it also adversely affects the progression of other liver diseases. There are limited data regarding the dietary habits of patients with chronic liver disease.
Nutrition surveys containing 13 different food groups were mailed. Nutrition scores were calculated based on weekly servings. Foods were also divided into USDA food pyramid categories with conversion of each group into calories expended. Clinico-demographic data were available. NAFLD patients were compared to patients with chronic viral hepatitis.
A total of 233 subjects were included: age 52.5 +/- 10.0 years, Body mass index (BMI) 28.1 +/- 6.5, MS 24.2%, 31.8% NAFLD, 48.1% hepatitis C virus (HCV), and 20.2% hepatitis B virus (HBV). Six nutrition indices were different among the groups. NAFLD and HCV consumed more low-nutrient food (p = 0.0037 and 0.0011) and more high-sodium food than HBV (p = 0.0052 and 0.0161). Multivariate analysis showed that NAFLD and HCV consumed more high-fat sources of meat/protein than HBV (p = 0.0887 and 0.0626). NAFLD patients consumed less calories from fruits compared to HCV and HBV patients (p = 0.0273 and 0.0023). Nine nutrition indices differed according to BMI. Univariate analysis showed that obese/overweight patients consumed more high-fat sources of meat/protein (p = 0.0078 and 0.0149) and more high-sodium foods (p = 0.0089 and 0.0062) compared to the normal-weight patients. In multivariate analysis, normal-weight patients consumed more fruits than obese (p = 0.0307). Overweight patients also consumed more calories of meat and oil than normal-weight patients (p = 0.0185 and 0.0287).
NAFLD and HCV patients have similar dietary habits. Patients with HBV have the healthiest dietary habits. Specific dietary interventions should focus on decreasing intake of low-nutrient and high-sodium food, as well as high-fat sources of meat/protein.
肥胖不仅与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）有关，而且还会对其他肝病的进展产生不利影响。有关慢性肝病患者饮食习惯的数据有限。
邮寄了包含 13 种不同食物组的营养调查。根据每周的份量计算营养评分。食物也分为美国农业部食物金字塔类别，将每个组转换为消耗的卡路里。临床人口统计学数据可用。将 NAFLD 患者与慢性病毒性肝炎患者进行比较。
共纳入 233 例患者：年龄 52.5±10.0 岁，体重指数（BMI）28.1±6.5，MS 24.2%，31.8%为 NAFLD，48.1%为丙型肝炎病毒（HCV），20.2%为乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）。各组之间有 6 个营养指标不同。NAFLD 和 HCV 比 HBV 摄入更多低营养食物（p=0.0037 和 0.0011）和更多高钠食物（p=0.0052 和 0.0161）。多变量分析显示，NAFLD 和 HCV 比 HBV 摄入更多高脂肪肉类/蛋白质来源（p=0.0887 和 0.0626）。与 HCV 和 HBV 患者相比，NAFLD 患者摄入的水果卡路里较少（p=0.0273 和 0.0023）。根据 BMI，有 9 个营养指标不同。单变量分析显示，肥胖/超重患者摄入更多高脂肪肉类/蛋白质来源（p=0.0078 和 0.0149）和更多高钠食物（p=0.0089 和 0.0062）比正常体重患者。多变量分析显示，与正常体重患者相比，正常体重患者摄入更多水果（p=0.0307）。超重患者摄入的肉类和油比正常体重患者多（p=0.0185 和 0.0287）。
NAFLD 和 HCV 患者有相似的饮食习惯。HBV 患者的饮食习惯最健康。具体的饮食干预应侧重于减少低营养和高钠食物以及高脂肪肉类/蛋白质的摄入。
