一种用于肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者的基于P300的脑机接口。
A P300-based brain-computer interface for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
作者信息
Nijboer F, Sellers E W, Mellinger J, Jordan M A, Matuz T, Furdea A, Halder S, Mochty U, Krusienski D J, Vaughan T M, Wolpaw J R, Birbaumer N, Kübler A
机构信息
Institute for Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Gartenstraße 29, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, USA.
出版信息
Clin Neurophysiol. 2008 Aug;119(8):1909-1916. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.03.034. Epub 2008 Jun 20.
OBJECTIVE
The current study evaluates the efficacy of a P300-based brain-computer interface (BCI) communication device for individuals with advanced ALS.
METHODS
Participants attended to one cell of a N x N matrix while the N rows and N columns flashed randomly. Each cell of the matrix contained one character. Every flash of an attended character served as a rare event in an oddball sequence and elicited a P300 response. Classification coefficients derived using a stepwise linear discriminant function were applied to the data after each set of flashes. The character receiving the highest discriminant score was presented as feedback.
RESULTS
In Phase I, six participants used a 6 x 6 matrix on 12 separate days with a mean rate of 1.2 selections/min and mean online and offline accuracies of 62% and 82%, respectively. In Phase II, four participants used either a 6 x 6 or a 7 x 7 matrix to produce novel and spontaneous statements with a mean online rate of 2.1 selections/min and online accuracy of 79%. The amplitude and latency of the P300 remained stable over 40 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS
Participants could communicate with the P300-based BCI and performance was stable over many months.
SIGNIFICANCE
BCIs could provide an alternative communication and control technology in the daily lives of people severely disabled by ALS.
目的
本研究评估基于P300的脑机接口（BCI）通信设备对晚期肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）患者的疗效。
方法
参与者关注一个N×N矩阵中的一个单元格，同时N行和N列随机闪烁。矩阵的每个单元格包含一个字符。每次关注字符的闪烁在奇偶数序列中作为罕见事件，并引发P300反应。在每组闪烁后，将使用逐步线性判别函数得出的分类系数应用于数据。具有最高判别分数的字符作为反馈呈现。
结果
在第一阶段，六名参与者在12个不同的日子使用6×6矩阵，平均选择率为1.2次/分钟，在线和离线平均准确率分别为62%和82%。在第二阶段，四名参与者使用6×6或7×7矩阵生成新颖且自发的语句，平均在线率为2.1次/分钟，在线准确率为79%。P300的幅度和潜伏期在40周内保持稳定。
结论
参与者可以通过基于P300的BCI进行通信，并且在数月内性能稳定。
意义
脑机接口可以为因ALS严重致残的人们的日常生活提供一种替代的通信和控制技术。
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