Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Eye (Lond). 2009 May;23(5):1125-9. doi: 10.1038/eye.2008.200. Epub 2008 Jul 4.
To determine the prevalence and causes of pterygium and pinguecula in the population of Tehran in 2002.
In a cross-sectional population study with cluster sampling, 6497 residents of Tehran were selected from 160 clusters. Samples were chosen according to a door-to-door head counting and were then invited for free examinations. After the interview, ophthalmic examinations were performed at an eye clinic.
Of the selected sample, 4564 people (70.3%) participated in the study. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence of pterygium in this population was 1.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9-1.6%). The prevalence of pterygium was 1.4 and 1.1% in men and women, respectively (P>0.05). The prevalence of pinguecula in this study was 22.5% (95% CI: 21.1-24.0%); 27.1% in men and 17.7% in women (P<0.001). In both genders, the prevalence of pterygium and pinguecula showed a significant increase with age (P<0.001).
This study concerns the status of pterygium and pinguecula according to age and gender in the population of Tehran. The overall prevalence rates were 1.3 and 22.5% for pterygium and pinguecula, respectively. The comparison of the results with those reported from other areas of the world suggests lower prevalence rates in Tehran.
确定 2002 年德黑兰人群中翼状胬肉和结膜脂质沉积的患病率及其病因。
采用整群抽样的横断面人群研究方法，从德黑兰的 160 个区中抽取了 6497 名居民作为样本。通过逐户清点的方式选择样本，并邀请其参加免费检查。访谈后，在眼科诊所进行眼科检查。
在所选样本中，有 4564 人（70.3%）参加了研究。该人群中翼状胬肉的年龄和性别标准化患病率为 1.3%（95%置信区间：0.9-1.6%）。男性和女性翼状胬肉的患病率分别为 1.4%和 1.1%（P>0.05）。本研究中结膜脂质沉积的患病率为 22.5%（95%置信区间：21.1-24.0%）；男性为 27.1%，女性为 17.7%（P<0.001）。在两性中，翼状胬肉和结膜脂质沉积的患病率均随年龄增长而显著增加（P<0.001）。
本研究涉及德黑兰人群中翼状胬肉和结膜脂质沉积的年龄和性别分布情况。翼状胬肉和结膜脂质沉积的总体患病率分别为 1.3%和 22.5%。与来自世界其他地区的报告结果进行比较表明，德黑兰的患病率较低。
