Henry James A, Zaugg Tara L, Myers Paula J, Schechter Martin A
VA Medical Center NCRAR), P.O. Box 1034, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA.
Trends Amplif. 2008 Sep;12(3):170-87. doi: 10.1177/1084713808319941. Epub 2008 Jul 15.
Progressive Audiologic Tinnitus Management (PATM) is based on the premise that tinnitus is managed most efficiently using a hierarchy of clinical services that address different levels of need. PATM includes five levels of management: (a) triage; (b) audiologic evaluation; (c) group education; (d) tinnitus evaluation; and (e) individualized management. This article provides an overview of PATM and focuses on the procedures that make up the Level 2 Audiologic Evaluation. The evaluation is conducted to assess the potential need for medical, audiologic (hearing loss, tinnitus, hyperacusis), and/or mental health services. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Hearing Handicap Inventory, and Tinnitus and Hearing Survey are used to differentiate effects of tinnitus and hearing loss. If indicated, patients are interviewed with the Tinnitus-Impact Screening Interview. Patients requiring amplification receive hearing aids. Often, management of hearing loss at Level 2 addresses any problems that were attributed to the tinnitus, which obviates further tinnitus-specific intervention.
渐进性听力学耳鸣管理（PATM）基于这样一个前提，即使用针对不同需求层次的一系列临床服务能最有效地管理耳鸣。PATM包括五个管理级别：（a）分诊；（b）听力学评估；（c）团体教育；（d）耳鸣评估；以及（e）个体化管理。本文概述了PATM，并重点介绍构成二级听力学评估的程序。进行该评估是为了评估对医疗、听力学（听力损失、耳鸣、听觉过敏）和/或心理健康服务的潜在需求。耳鸣障碍量表、听力障碍量表以及耳鸣与听力调查用于区分耳鸣和听力损失的影响。如有需要，使用耳鸣影响筛查访谈对患者进行访谈。需要放大听力的患者会佩戴助听器。通常，二级听力损失管理会解决任何归因于耳鸣的问题，从而避免进一步进行针对耳鸣的干预。
