Devaraj Sridevi, Mathur Surekha, Basu Arpita, Aung Hnin H, Vasu Vihas T, Meyers Stuart, Jialal Ishwarlal
Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4635 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2008 Apr;27(2):267-73. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2008.10719699.
While tomato product supplementation, containing antioxidant carotenoids, including lycopene, decreases oxidative stress, the role of purified lycopene as an antioxidant remains unclear. Thus, we tested the effects of different doses of purified lycopene supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy volunteers.
This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, examining the effects of 8-week supplementation of purified lycopene, on plasma lycopene levels, biomarkers of lipid peroxidation {LDL oxidizability, malondialdehyde & hydroxynonenals (MDA & HNE), urinary F(2)-isoprostanes}, and markers of DNA damage in urine and lymphocytes. Healthy adults (n = 77, age > or = 40 years), consumed a lycopene-restricted diet for 2 weeks, and were then randomized to receive 0, 6.5, 15, or 30 mg lycopene/day for 8 weeks, while on the lycopene-restricted diet. Blood and urine samples were collected at the beginning and end of Week 2 of lycopene-restricted diet, and at end of Week 10 of the study.
Independent of the dose, plasma lycopene levels significantly increased in all lycopene supplemented groups versus placebo (p < 0.05). ANOVA revealed a significant decrease in DNA damage by the comet assay (p = 0.007), and a significant decrease in urinary 8-hydroxy deoxoguanosine (8-OHdG) at 8 weeks versus baseline (p = 0.0002), with 30 mg lycopene/day. No significant inter- or intra-group differences were noted for glucose, lipid profile, or other biomarkers of lipid peroxidation at any dose/time point.
Thus, purified lycopene was bioavailable and was shown to decrease DNA oxidative damage and urinary 8-OHdG at the high dose.
虽然补充含抗氧化类胡萝卜素（包括番茄红素）的番茄制品可降低氧化应激，但纯化番茄红素作为抗氧化剂的作用仍不明确。因此，我们测试了不同剂量的纯化番茄红素补充剂对健康志愿者氧化应激生物标志物的影响。
这是一项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照试验，研究8周纯化番茄红素补充剂对血浆番茄红素水平、脂质过氧化生物标志物（低密度脂蛋白氧化能力、丙二醛和羟基壬烯醛（MDA和HNE）、尿F(2)-异前列腺素）以及尿液和淋巴细胞中DNA损伤标志物的影响。健康成年人（n = 77，年龄≥40岁）先食用低番茄红素饮食2周，然后在低番茄红素饮食期间随机接受0、6.5、15或30 mg/天的番茄红素，持续8周。在低番茄红素饮食第2周开始和结束时以及研究第10周结束时采集血液和尿液样本。
与安慰剂相比，所有补充番茄红素的组血浆番茄红素水平均显著升高，且与剂量无关（p < 0.05）。方差分析显示，彗星试验检测的DNA损伤显著降低（p = 0.007），且每天服用30 mg番茄红素时，8周时尿8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）较基线显著降低（p = 0.0002）。在任何剂量/时间点，葡萄糖、血脂谱或其他脂质过氧化生物标志物均未观察到显著的组间或组内差异。
因此，纯化番茄红素具有生物利用度，且高剂量时可降低DNA氧化损伤和尿8-OHdG。
